Eagle’s syndrome represents symptoms brought on by compression of
regional structures by elongation of the styloid process or ossification
of the stylohyoid or stylomandibular ligaments. Watt Eagle described it
for the first time in 1937, dividing it into two subtypes: the “classic
syndrome” and the “stylocarotid artery syndrome.” Many theories
have been put forth regarding its pathogenesis. Depending on the
underlying pathogenetic mechanism and the anatomical structures
compressed or irritated by the styloid process, symptoms vary greatly,
ranging from cervicofacial pain to cerebral ischemia. The syndrome
generally follows tonsillectomy or trauma. Diagnosis is confirmed by
radiological findings. Palpation of the styloid process in the tonsillar
fossa and infiltration with anesthesia are also used in making the
diagnosis. The treatment is primarily surgical; however, some
conservative treatments have also been used. The current literature on
Eagle’s syndrome is reviewed, highlighting its often underestimated
frequency and its clinical importance. Clin. Anat. 22:545-558, 2009. (C)
2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc