Adolphe, D. (Dominique)

Drean, E. (Emilie)

Leclinche, F. (Floriane)

Schacher, L. (Laurence)

Zimpfer, V. (Véronique)

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 ANALYZING THE EFFECTS OF WASHING PROCESSES AND WEAR ON FABRIC FRICTION SOUND OF SOLDIERS UNIFORMS  Introduction The noise generated by fabric-to-fabric friction in the frame of military applications is essential to be studied in order to improve acoustic stealth (1) or estimate the ageing of the garment. Indeed, when a person is moving or walking, sounds are generated by the friction under arms or between legs. The sound properties of fabrics depends on many parameters like the weave patterns or the surface roughness (2). In addition, for garments, the repeated washing processes and its natural wear will gradually modify the surface of the fabric and therefore the fabric friction sounds. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of wear and washing processes on fabric friction sound. Experimental In the scope of this study, three groups of parameters are measured, acoustic parameters, mechanical properties of the fabric and sensory parameters. The acoustic parameters especially the total noise level are measured with an experimental device which simulates the human arm motion during walking (3), the mechanical properties are obtained thanks to the Kawabata Evaluation System (4) and a sensory panel is used for the last group of parameters. Some of the parameters are linked by some positive or negative correlations. In the following paragraph, some results of correlations are given. Two sets of fabrics are used; one is composed of samples worn out by abrasive cycles thanks to Martindale abrasion tester (5) and the other one of samples washed many times. Results Visual and tactile differences are noticeable, degradation of the color is observed and the surface of the fabric becomes smoother. The ageing of fabrics induces necessarily a change in the surface’s condition and in fabric friction sounds. According to the evolution of total noise level (Figure 1), three domains can be observed and analyzed thanks to a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). An example of PCA is represented in Figure 2, some correlations between acoustic and mechanical properties of the fabric can be observed in the domain corresponding to 0 from 5,000 abrasive cycles. Therefore, measuring the total noise of friction sound of a garment could be a new method to assess the wear of fabric.   Figure 1: Evolution of the total noise level as a function of number of abrasive cycles   Figure 2: Correlation between mechanical properties and sound parameters of worn out fabrics  References 1. Cho J., Cho G., (2006) Effects of Sound Characteristics of Military Clothing at Different Frictional Speeds on Subjective Sensation, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Clothing and Textile, pp. 72-75 2. Ajayi, J. O., (1992) Effects of fabric structure on frictional properties, Textile Research Journal, 62 (2), p 87-93. 3. Yosouf K.,(2016) Contribution à la caractérisation du bruit de frottement des étoffes : application au Prêt-à-Porter (Cas du vêtement furtif). PhD Thesis, University of Haute-Alsace, France 4. Kawabata S., (1980) The standardization and analysis of hand evaluation, 2nd ed. Textile Machinery Society of Japan, Osaka, Japan 5. EN ISO 12947-1 (1995) Textiles- Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method-Part1 : Martindale abrasion testing apparatus.   

Analyzing the Effects of Washing Processes and Wear on Fabric Friction Sound of Soldiers Uniforms

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Analyzing the Effects of Washing Processes and Wear on Fabric Friction Sound of Soldiers Uniforms

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