Analysis of pro-inflammatory markers, i.e., nitrite, citrulline, tumor necrosis alfa (TNF-α ) and Th1 and Th2-specific cytokines, viz., IL-2 and IL-4 respectively were analyzed in 30 sera positive for IgM antibodies to Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) from a rural hospital-attending population in comparison to 40 sera from cases with other febrile illness (OFI) and 30 healthy controls. Levels of nitrite, citrulline, TNF-α and IL-4 were found to be increased in serum while serum level of IL-2 was found to be depressed in anti-CHIKV IgM positive cases compared to OFI and control groups. The serum nitrite levels in anti-CHIKV IgM positive cases showed positive correlation with citrulline, TNF-α and IL-2 and negative correlation with IL-4 level. The IL-2 level showed negative correlations with that of IL-4 level in serum.
