Effect of a motivational intervention of obesity upon cardiovascular risk factors

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect on cardiovascular risk factors in a group of motivational intervention by nurses trained by an expert psychologist, complementarily to the usual procedure. Methods: Multicenter intervention in overweight and obese patients randomized clinical trial. Randomization of intervention by Basic Health Zones (ZBS).Two groups located in separated different centers, one receiving motivational intervention in group (study group) and the other routine monitoring (control group) were established. Variables: Sociodemographic, results: percentage of patients reducing 5% of weight, assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and analytical data. Results: 696 patients were evaluated; 377 control and 319 of the study group. Weight diminished in both groups in each visit. Mean percent weight reduction remained at 1% in the control group and 2.5% in the intervention group (p-value = 0.009). 55.8% of patients reduced their weight in the control group and 65.5% in the study group (p-value = 0.0391). 18.1% of patients in the control group reduced more than 5% of weight; this percentage increased to 26.9% in the intervention group being statistically significant (p-value = 0.0304). No significant differences (5% vs. 8%) were detected at 2 years in the case of the 10% target. It was found after two years that BMI was reduced an average 0.9 kg / m2 in the control group and 2.4 kg / m2 in the study group (p-value = 0.0237). A significant evolution in triglycerides reduction and systolic blood pressure was detected. However there was no statistically significant reduction in blood sugar, diastolic blood pressure and other lipid parameters (total cholesterol, HDL and LDL-cholesterol)