In the context of the late 19th century, Romanians found themselves involved in all sorts of debates and confrontations regarding directions, models and tools that allow construction and development of their State. Modernization strategies imposed deconstruction of the old administrative organizational structure, and changing social and political mentalities. The disagreement between the country's development needs and existing opportunities, and the gap with the Western civilization affected the intellectual and political circles. This article focuses on the attempt of Romanian elite to synthesize and adapt the progressive ideas of European political horizon to the Romanian economic and social needs