در این مقاله گونه‌های Trichis petrovitzi Mandl, 1973 و T. iranica Mandl, 1973 به عنوان مترادف گونه T. maculata Klug, 1832 معرفی می‌شوند

Jan Muilwijk

Marjan Seiedy

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 Received: 27 February 2017, Accepted: 1 May 2017 Subject Editor:  Fariba Mozaffarian Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 2017, 37(2), 273276 Ãu¾¼n¿YÄ»Z¿½YËYÊZÀ  Short communication  Genus Trichis (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and its new  synonymies in Iran Jan Muilwijk1&* & Marjan Seiedy2 1- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands & 2- School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organism, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.  * Corresponding author, E-mail: Jan.Muilwijk@gmail.com  Àm Trichis (Coleoptera: Carabidae) ¥{Yf»Á½YËY{½M|Ë|mÉZÅ ®ËÂ¸ËÂ»½ZËÁ*ÁÉ|Ì½Zm»Ê Ì^ÊfËÂÀecZ ·Z»¯»|ËÓ,|À¸Å,½ÁÃ|°¿Y{ dËÊZÀ Á ¯» \« ÊËYZ^e cY{ÂmÂ» ,Ã|¿ Ë{a ,¹Â¸ ÃZ´¿Y{ ,½YÆe ,½YÆe½YËY Ê°Ì¿Áf°·Yda,cZ^eZ°»µÂX»Jan.Muilwijk@gmail.com Ã|Ì°q  Ä·Z¬» ¾ËY {Ä¿Â³ ÉZÅTrichis petrovitzi Mandl, 1973 ÁT. iranica Mandl, 1973Ä¿Â³ ¥{Yf» ½YÂÀ Ä] T. maculata Klug, 1832Ê»Ê§ »|¿ÂÉ|Ì¸¯½Z³YÁTrichisCarabidae, ¥{Yf»Á½YËY,d§ZË{Ë~a,  Trichis petrovitzi Mandl, 1973 and T. iranica Mandl, 1973 are tentatively recognized as junior synonyms for T. maculata (Anichtchenko et al., 2017).  We studied syntypes of Trichis maculata, and the holotypes of T. petrovitzi and  T. iranica. Trichis petrovitzi had been described based on a female which is housed in Basel with the label read "Ahwaz Khuzestan/ leg. Petrovitz// Holotype Trichis petrovitzi Mandl (red label)// Holotype Trichis petrovitzi (handwritten)// Holotype Trichis petrovitzi (typed)// Trichis maculata det. Morvan 1975 (handwritten)."  The description of Trichis iranica was also based on a single female, preserved in Basel with the following labels: Badar Abass Süd-Iran/ leg. Petrovitz// Holotype Trichis iranica Mandl (red label)// Holotype Trichis iranica (handwritten)// Holotype Trichis iranica (typed)// Trichis maculata Klug det. Morvan 1975 (handwritten). The syntype of Trichis maculata is the only available specimen of this species in Berlin (pers. comm. B. Jäger). According to the labels pinned to the specimens of  T. petrovitzi and T. iranica, Morvan had concluded that these species were synonyms of  T. maculata but he had not published the synonymy. We studied as many as 149 specimens of Trichis maculata from several places along the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf labelled as: Busher, Khalij-e Nayband/ 27.XI.1998, Ghayourfar, Barari & Mofidi leg.; Baluchistan, Zahedan/ 2.VI.1977// Safahi, Pazuki & Abai leg.; Hormozgan, Rud-e Kol riv./ 25.III.2007// Muilwijk leg.,/ Khuzestan, Ahvaz/ Short communication...274   V.2003// Shafiei leg.; Fars, Bakhtegan/ 7.VII.1970// Czechoslovak-Iranian entomological expedition. In order to study the genital characters, we compared the aedeagi of ten males of T. maculata and found no differences among them, although different colourations in the pattern of the elytral spots and body pubescence were observed. Mandl (1973) mentioned the differences of Trichis petrovitzi (figure 1) with  T. maculata, but provided no collecting data of associate specimens. The heads were black and brown in T. maculata and T. petrovitzi respectively. In the drawings by Klug (1832), the colour of the head is brown. The elytra of T. maculata and T. petrovitzi had  black-brown patterns. Either species has a spot near the scutellum, a band just before the apex and also a middle band. The middle band is interrupted by the yellow background colour of elytra in T. maculata, while it is continuous in T. petrovitzi. Bedel (1907) described variations in the pattern of the middle band. Considering some differential characters such as the width of the head and the length of the antennae mentioned by Mandl (1973), T. petrovitzi has a narrower head, and shorter antennae.     Trichis iranica (figure 2) was briefly described by Mandl (1973) who compared T. iranica only with T. petrovitzi. The colour of the head which is dark in T. iranica and brown in T. petrovitzi. T. iranica differs with T. maculata in the pattern of elytral spots. However, these differences seem to be the intraspecific variations of T. maculata. We follow Morvans treatments of the synonymy of T. petrovitzi and T. iranica and consider them as subjective synonyms for T. maculata.                                   Fig. 1. Trichis petrovitzi, holotype  Fig. 2. Trichis iranica, holotype, scale bar = 2mm. 275 Journal of  Entomological Society of  Iran, 2017, 37(2)  Trichis pallida Klug 1832 Head and pronotum brownish, elytra pale yellow with 2 preapical dark zig-zag bands, pronotum slightly cordiform, lateral margin with one seta (T. maculata 45); hind angles of the pronotum weakly sharped; elytra with parallel sides. Among the collected material of the Czechoslovak-Iranian entomological expeditions, three specimens of T. pallida Klug 1832 (figure 3) were found. These specimens are labelled Bushehr, Ziarat// 23 km. NWN Sila/ 1415.V.1977// Exped. Nat. Mus. Praha and Baluchistan, Tis/ 67.IV.1973// Exped. Nat. Mus. Praha.  Fig. 3. Trichis pallida (Ziarat), scale bar = 2mm.  Acknowledgements The authors express their sincere thanks to Matthias Borer (Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel), Bernd Jäger (Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin) and Jiøí Hájek (National Museum Prague, Czech Republic) for providing the material. Danny Boomsma and Godard Tweehuysen (Naturalis library) are also thanked for making the book by Klug available. Ron Felix kindly improved the English of the manuscript.  References Anichtchenko A. et al. (Eds.) (2017) Carabidae of the World. Available from: http://www.Carabidae.org (accessed 16 Februari 2017). Bedel L. (1907) Catalogue raisonné des Coléoptères du nord de lAfrique. Paris: Société Entomologique de France. 402 pp. Azadbakhsh, S. & Nozari, J. (2015) Checklist of the Iranian Ground Beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae). Zootaxa 4024 (1), 1108. Löbl, I. & Smetana, A. (Eds.) (2003) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 1. Archostemata - Myxophaga - Adephaga. 819 pp. Stenstrup: Apollo Books. Short communication...276   Klug, J. C. F. (1832) Decas tertia; Sheets a-f, pl. xxixxx In: Symbolae Physicae, seu icônes et descriptiones insectorum, quae ex itinere per Africam borealem et Asiam occidentalem Friderici Guilelmi Hemprich et Christiani Godofredi Ehrenberg studio novae aut illustratae redierunt. Berlin: Mittler, 42 unn. Sheets + 50 pl. Mandl, K. (1973) Bausteine zur Kenntnis der Familie Carabidae (Col.). Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey (24), 88100.    

Genus Trichis (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and its new 
synonymies in Iran

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Genus Trichis (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and its new synonymies in Iran

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