EFECTOS DE LA HEMODILUCIÓN NORMOVOLÉMICA CON AUTODONACIÓN DE BAJO VOLUMEN SOBRE ALGUNOS PARÁMETROS HEMATOLÓGICOS EN LA CIRUGÍA CARDIOVASCULAR CON CIRCULACIÓN EXTRACORPÓREA / Effects of normovolemic hemodilution with low volume autologous donations on various hematological parameters in cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: Cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation is characterized by large perioperative blood loss and multifactorial disorders of coagulation parameters. For these reasons, there is frequent use of allogeneic transfusions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of intentional normovolemic hemodilution, with low volume autologous donation, on some hematological parameters in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Method: A longitudinal, comparative, prospective study was performed in 27 patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, subjected to intentional low volume normovolemic hemodilution. The following parameters were studied: the patient's blood volume, bleeding count, hematocrit figures, platelet count, thromboplastin time and INR before and after hemodilution and autotransfusion. Results: A blood volume average extraction of 10.5% for men and 13,12 % for women was found, with a highly significant reduction in hematocrit, and a significant reduction in platelet, although both variables were within normal values, without involvement of the coagulation parameters with hemodilution. After autotransfusion, a highly significant increase in hematocrit and platelet count was found, with significant reduction of thromboplastin time and INR. Conclusions: The low volume normovolemic hemodilution does not produce clinically important changes in the studied hematological parameters, and autotransfusion after cardiopulmonary bypass improves these parameters