Comparación entre aves (Gallus gallus) de tipo criollo con aves de líneas comerciales bajo condiciones de traspatio en sistemas de producción campesinos del altiplano mexicano

Abstract

The productivity of criollo (indigenous) chickens versus commercial line chickens in a low zone and high zone in the municipally of San Felipe del Progreso, México, was compared. Live weight gains were estimated by linear regression analysis; the comparison between the two types of birds by zone and between zones by type of birds was carried out by comparison of regression analysis, Morbidity and mortality were analyzed by a Chi square test. In the low zone live weight gains (g/bird/week) were signiflcantly higher (P<0.05) in commercial line chickens (89.37) compared ta criollo chickens (75.16). In the high zone no significant difference was found (P>0.05) between types of birds (80.58 and 72.83). Between zones, by types of bird, the two growth fitted lines were parallel with common regression coefficients, but with higher intercept for the low zone (P<0.05).  Morbidity did not differ significantly between types of birds, but birds in the low zone were less disease susceptible (P<0.05) than birds in the high zone. Morbidity rates were 33.5% and 68.3% in the low and high zone respectively whereas mortality rates were 25.8% and 68%. The present study suggests that the two types of birds are different elements within the systems. Criollo birds are reared as a way of short term investment while commercial chidcens are purchased for long term specific purposes (self consumption and/or sale).  This determines different kinds of rearing by peasemts.