Prevalence of Hypertension and its Associated Factors among Sellers at Traditional Market, Yogyakarta

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is an important global health challenge due to its high prevalence and resulting cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for premature death and disability worldwide. Earlier studies reported that the prevalence of hypertension is increasing in low and middle-income countries, while it is steady or decreasing in high-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hyper¬tension and its associated factors among sellers at traditional market, Yogyakarta. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in a traditional market, Yogyakarta. A sample of 320 traditional sellers aged 20 to 80 years were selected for this study by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was hyper¬tension. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. A subject was defined to have hypertension if systolic bloodpressure (BP) was ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure was ≥90 mmHg. The independent variables were age, gender, education, income, and Body Mass Index (BMI). BMI was measured by weight scale and microtoise. A subject was defined as overweight if BMI ≥25, and obese if BMI ≥30. The other variables were measured by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of hypertension cases in this sample was 56.3%. Of the hypertension cases in this sample, 29.4% were male, 64.6% low educated, 54.7% low income, and 32.9% residents of Yogyakarta. Hypertension was positively associated with older age, female, low education, low income, and overweight/ obese. Conclusion: Hypertension increases with older age, female, low education, low income, and overweight/ obese. Keywords: hypertension, risk factor