Deteksi Dini Virus Mosaik Pada Benih Dan Tanaman Nilam / Detection of Early Stage of Mosaic Disease on Patchouli Seed and Plant

Abstract

Mosaic disease of patchouli plant caused by viruses is one of the main constraints on patchouli oil production. The viruses are transmitted by patchouli seedlings and insect vectors, therefore their spreadings are very quickly and widely found in the center of patchouli plantations in Sumatera, Java, and Sulawesi. Early detection of the viruses in the seedling is a strategic step for controlling the disease. This study aimed to get an early detection technique of mosaic viruses infecting seedlings and patchouli plants by using serological techniques. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection Balittro from February 2015 until April 2016. The serological techniques performed were Tissue Blot Assay Immunobinding (TBIA), Dot Immuno Binding Assay (DIBA) and Enzyme Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). Samples of the seedlings and patchouli plants showing symptomatic mosaic disease were obtained from nurseries or fields in Bogor, Pandeglang-Banten and Cigombong. A total of 150 samples were tested using the commercial viruses antisera, i.e. Potyvirus, Broad bean wilt virus 1.2; Cucumber mosaic virus [AGDIA-USA] and Anti-Mouse, Rabbit Anti Universal [SIGMA-USA]. The results showed that all the three serological tests used can detect all types of mosaic viruses in infected seedling and patchouli plants with a success rate of 100%. The TBIA and DIBA techniques are faster and easier than ELISA, therefore these techniques are recommended to be used by farmers and patchouli seed producers to prevent the distribution of mosaic viruses