Bruins, H.J.

Mook, W.G.

Plicht, J. van der

University of Groningen

   University of GroningenEstablishing Calibrated 14C ChronologiesBruins, H.J.; Plicht, J. van der; Mook, W.G.Published in:RadiocarbonIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:1991Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Bruins, H. J., Plicht, J. V. D., & Mook, W. G. (1991). Establishing Calibrated 14C Chronologies: ProblematicTime Zones and High-Precision Dating, with Reference to Near Eastern Archaeology. Radiocarbon, 183-184.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 12-11-2019Abstracts 183 DATING OF CLIMATE AND HUMAN HISTORY: A BASIS FOR CLIMATE IMPACT ASSESSMENT HENDRIK J BRUINS Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, 84990 Sede Boqer Campus, Israel Radiometric dating of interdisciplinary data sets is a vital prerequisite to link human and environmental history in time. However, a time-relationship between a certain climatic and archaeological change does not necessarily imply a cause-and-effect linkage. A sharp distinction should be drawn between time correlation and causal association. Experiments and models are necessary to assess whether a climatic change during a certain period affected a particular cultural- economic activity. Development of agricultural systems in the Eastern Mediterranean from incipient Epi-Paleolithic strategies down to modern times might be studied experimentally, in relation to climatic and other environmental parameters. It is important to know at which thresholds, both climatic and social, system breakdown of a certain subsistence strategy or economic activity is likely to occur. System analysis in relation to climate impact assessment should follow the linkage in time between human and environmental history. ESTABLISHING CALIBRATED 14C CHRONOLOGIES: PROBLEMATIC TIME ZONES AND HIGH-PRECISION DATING, WITH REFERENCE TO NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY H J BRUINS1, J VAN DER PLICHT2 and W G MOOKZ3 The pattern of past variations in the amount of atmospheric 14C affects the degree of accuracy that can be attained with radiocarbon calibration. Four principal time zones occur in the period since 3400 BC, in which calibration precision is highly limited: 3340-2920 BC 2890-2590 BC 770-405 BC AD 1660-1950 The reason is the rather horizontal trend of the calibration curve over these stretches of time. As a result, radiocarbon dates cannot be accurately calibrated in the following BP time zones (parallel with the above historical periods): 4570±20 BP to 4310±20 BP 4250 ± 20 BP to 4050 ± 20 BP 2530 ± 20 BP to 2390 ± 20 BP 230 ± 20 to Present Even high-precision 14C dates in these time zones may yield 1-sigma calibrated age ranges of several hundred years. However, for other time periods, in which the calibration curve has a more evenly descending trend, high-precision radiocarbon dating is essential for obtaining calibrated 14C dates with medium- to high-precision. Examples are presented, with particular reference to Near Eastern archaeology, using the computer calibration program of Van der Plicht and Mook (1988). 'Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, 84990 Sede Boger Campus, Israel 2Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen, NL-9718 CM Groningen, The Netherlands 3Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ),1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands 184 14th International Radiocarbon Conference REFERENCE Van der Plicht, J and Mook, WG 1988 Calibration of radiocarbon ages by computer. In Long, A and Kra, RS, eds, Internatl 14C conf,13th, Proc. Radiocarbon 31(3): 805-816. DATING ARCHAEOLOGICAL ENTITIES IN THE DESERTIC LEVANT ISRAEL CARMI Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel and OFER BAR-YOSEF Department of Anthropology, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 USA Assembling the radiocarbon dates for the Holocene period in the Southern Levant and especially from desertic sites, enables us to modify the chronological boundaries between archaeological periods and cultures. The calibration of many dates indicates the need to reconsider several accepted cutural explanations and the meaning of archaeological gaps in sub-regional sequences. Using the calibration curve as a partial indicator for climatic fluctuations, we will examine here a few archaeological cases dated to the mid-Holocene through the historical periods. COMMON SPECTRAL FEATURES IN THE 5500-YEAR RECORD OF TOTAL CARBONATE IN SEA SEDIMENTS AND RADIOCARBON IN TREE RINGS G CINI CASTAGNOLI, G BONINO, M SERIO Istituto di Cosmo-Geofisica, 10133 Torino, Italy and CHARLES P SONETT Department of Planetary Sciences, Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA We present the results of the analysis of the carbonate time series obtained from the Ionian Sea core GT90-3 and corresponding 0'4C from trees. The 3.6-m core extends backward in time to 5520 BP, and extends the results obtained earlier (Castagnoli et al 1990a,b; in press) from core GT14 and core GT89-3. REFERENCES Castagnoli, GC, Bonino, G, Caprioglio, F, Serio, M, Provenzale, A and Bhandari, N 1990a The CaCO3 profile in a recent Ionian sea core and the tree ring radiocarbon record over the last two millennia. Geophys Research Letters 17:1545. Castagnoli, G, Bonino, G, Caprioglio, F, Serio, M, Provenzale, A and Zhu Guang-Mei 1990b The carbonate profile of two recent Ionian sea cores: Evidence that the sedimentation rate is constant over the last two meileennia. Geophys Research Letters 17:1937. Castagnoli, GC, Bonino, G, Serio, M and Provenzale, A, in press, Record of solar and climatic variations over the past 5500 years in the carbonate profiles of the coastal Ionian sea cores. In Gruppo Italiano Fisica Cosmica conf, 5th, Proc. Nuovo Cimento C. 

Establishing Calibrated 14C Chronologies:Problematic Time Zones and High-Precision Dating, with Reference to Near Eastern Archaeology

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Establishing Calibrated 14C Chronologies:Problematic Time Zones and High-Precision Dating, with Reference to Near Eastern Archaeology

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