Kekerabatan Plasma Nutfah Jambu Mete Berdasar Sifat Morfologi

Abstract

Relationship of cashew collections based on morpho-logycal characteristicsThe research was carried out at Muktiharjo Experimental Station,Pati, Central Java. Cashew collections were mostly collected from JavaIsland. A total of 15 accessions (from cuttings) were planted using 8 x 8 msquare in 1989. Observation was made according to the IBPGR list using50 morphological characteristics, i.e general characteristics, stem andleaves, flower-fruit and nut characteristics; the data were clustered usingNTSYSpc-21. Research results showed that the diversity of cashewcollections was low, with the average similarity among them were 0.513.It was meant that the introduction or plant collection especially fromoutside Java area are required to increase the cashew genetic variability.Clustering based on group characteristics, i.e. general characters and othermorphological characters showed that Tegineneng A3 and Madura L3 hada quite far relationship. A3 is an introduced kultivar from Thailand and hashigh yielding characteristics, which can be choosen as a parent to increaseplant yield or genetic variability. Moreover, based on several groupcharacteristics for clustering, it revealed that P3 and V8 have the closestrelationship among the collections. According to the total characteristicsthe highest similarity was between P3 and V8 which had value of 0.750.The lowest similarity was between L3 and XII/2 revealed by value of0.302 then between A3 and XII/8 which had value of 0.326. Those generalcharacteristics, can be used to asses relationship among cashew collections,preferably using IBPGR list