Objective: Suicide is known to be a phenomenon in low-, middle-, and high-income countries and occurs in all sociodemographic groups. It ranges from acute to fatal lethal attempts which occur in the context of a social crisis. Deliberate self-poisoning for suicide is a growing public health concern with frequent emergency department admissions. An epidemiological surveillance is essential for every region to understand the pattern, underlying psychological factors, and the scope of preventive measures.Methods: The 2-year retrospective study describes the epidemiology and influencing factors of suicides by self-poisoning in patients admitted to a Government Hospital and a Teaching Hospital in Pune, Maharashtra, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015.Result: Out of 1010 poisoning cases reported, 539 were suicidal self-poisoning. Significantly males more than females were brought to the hospitals due to deliberate self-poisoning (1:0.86, χ2=38.05; p<0.001). The age group most recorded was 20-35 years (67.7%). Psychosocial factors were associated with increased risk of suicidal self-poisoning attempts (risk ratio 4.76, 95% confidence interval 4.07-5.57; p<0.001). Psychosocial factors were interpersonal conflict (52.4%), stress (30.4), dissatisfaction in life (6%), and alcoholism or mental disorders (11.1%). Household and agricultural products (71.8%) were the popular choices of the toxic agent in self-poisoning with phenols (20%) being the most common. 19 cases (3.5%) were severe, out of which 15 cases lead to death (2.8% mortality).Conclusion: There is an urgent need to develop and implement preventative and treatment strategies for high-risk groups attempting suicide by self-poisoning
