Sarawak Forestry Corporation and Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
Abstract
Birds are useful bioindicators for monitoring ecological change. They form an interactive community within the ecosystem and are integral for pollination and seed dispersal for many native plants (Gatesire et al., 2014; Stratford et al., 2015). Nonetheless, the destruction of avian habitats, such as lowland forests for timber, human settlements and coastal development in recent decades have resulted in the decline of many avian species (Kihia, 2014; Barlow et al., 2016). Little work has been done on the
mangroves and coastal birds in Sarawak, despite increasing threats towards such ecosystems (Wilson, 2002
