Presentation for the 2002 Netspeed Annual Conference. This presentation discusses the collaborative services, standards and interoperability of libraries in the 21st century

Moen, William E.

UNT Digital Library

The 21st Century Library  Collaborative Services, Standards, and Interoperability William E. Moen <wemoen@unt.edu> School of Library and Information Sciences Texas Center for Digital Knowledge University of North Texas Denton, TX  72603 Netspeed 2002 Conference, October 26, 2002  Calgary, Alberta   Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 2 Overview  The emerging library environment  Interoperability  Key standards  Designing services for the networked library Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 3 A library is…  A collection of resources   Services and activities related to the resources  Tools that assist users in resource discovery and access   Services that help users   answer questions, learn about the collection, learn about the bibliographic tools, and generally connect users to appropriate resources  An administrative structure that allocates resources   A place for… Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 4 A library in the networked environment…  Collections of resources – local and distributed  Collaborative services and activities   Tools that assist users in networked information resource discovery and access   Services that help users   answer questions, learn about the collection, learn about the bibliographic tools, and generally connect users to appropriate resources  A management structure that allocates resources and policies for inter-organization collaboration  Extends the reach and range of users Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 5 Networked library components  User groups  Local, onsite  Distributed, remote  Services  Local  Collaborative  Remote  Resources  Information • Local • Distributed  Human  Technology  Local applications  Distributed applications  Standards  Management  Local  Collaborative Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 6 Characterizing the networked library  Virtual library components  An environment for provision of   Services  Resources  Not a digital library  Not all resources available are in digital/electronic form  An evolving product that responds to  Users’ needs  Available resources  Current and emerging technologies Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 7 A focus on services Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 8 Users drive services User Group User Group User Group User Group Networked Library Services Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 9 Users drive services User Group User Group User Group User Group Networked Library Services Networked Library Resources Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 10 Users drive services Networked Library Services Networked Library Resources Networked Library Technology User Group User Group User Group User Group Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 11 Framework for the networked library Services User Groups defined by needs of respond to needs of Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 12 Framework for the networked library Services User Groups defined by needs of respond to needs of Resources Services offer & use resources Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 13 Framework for the networked library Services User Groups defined by needs of respond to needs of Resources Technology Services offer & use resources Resources are collected, organized, managed using technology Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 14 Management User User User User Networked Library  Services Networked Library  Resources Networked Library Technology Management of  the Networked Library •  Provide direction •  Chooses services •  Acquires funds •  Allocates funds •  Develops staff •  Determines policy •  Arranges agreements •  … Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 15 Library services for the networked library  Infrastructure/internal  Collection identification, selection, and acquisition/access   Collection building and digitization   Collection organization and preparation  Inter-organization access  Trust and authentication   Billing and payment  Preservation and archiving  Patron  Resource discovery service  Access service  Reference service  Instruction service  Patron account service Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 16 Interoperability  Systems and organizations will interoperate!  One should actively be engaged in the ongoing process of ensuring that the systems, procedures and culture of an organisation are managed in such a way as to maximise opportunities for exchange and re-use of information,  whether internally or externally.  Paul Miller, 2000 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 17 Types of interoperability Technical  Semantic Political/Human Inter-community Legal International (From Paul Miller, 2000) Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 18 Technical standards  Z39.50 Protocol  Interlibrary Loan Protocol   Circulation Interchange Protocol  Dublin Core Metadata  Open Archives Initiative  …  HTTP   HTML  The suite of XML standards  SOAP  Digital Object Identifiers  ONIX Metadata  …  The problem with standards – too many of them?   Or, understanding how we need to make them work together? Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 19 Key standards  ANSI/NISO Z39.50: (ISO 23950):Information Retrieval (Z39.50): Application Service Definition and Protocol Specification  ISO 10160 & ISO 10161 : Interlibrary Loan Application Service Definition & Protocol Specification  ANIS/NISO Z39.83: NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol (NCIP) A protocol is a set of formal rules  governing the transmission of data Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 20 Z39.50 information retrieval protocol  Defines specifications, procedures, and structures for computer-to-computer communication  Messages exchanged between systems focus on information retrieval (searching and retrieving)  Overcomes problems of searching across multiple database  Search and retrieve bibliographic and non-bibliographic resources (integrated access)  Lay a technical foundation for…  resource discovery   resource sharing Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 21 Interlibrary loan protocol  ISO 10160 & ISO 10161   Interlibrary Loan Application Service Definition & Protocol Specification  Specifies rules that permit the exchange of ILL messages between ILL systems  Allow tracking activities pertaining to ILL transactions and the location of loaned material  Provides basis for automating ILL requesting, supplying, and tracking  Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 22 Circulation interchange protocol  ANSI/NISO Z39.83:   NISO Circulation Interchange Protocol (NCIP)  Based on the 3M Circulation Protocol  Focus is the computer exchange of circulation information to support resource sharing  To lend items  To provide controlled access to electronic resources  To facilitate cooperative management of these functions Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 23 NCIP Application Areas  Direct Consortial Borrowing  Transfers user and item data between disparate circulation applications  Allowing an agency: • to manage transactions for non-local patrons • to provide local control of items belonging to another agency  Circulation/Interlibrary Loan Interaction  Use of circulation to track all loans to a user: • For items belonging to local collection • For items borrowed for user via ILL  Self-Service Circulation  Allows users to check out or check in items  Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 24 Standards Supporting Services  Each standard enables different services  Networked information retrieval  Automated interlibrary loan  Circulation applications   But they can work together to support a robust and interoperable information access and resource sharing application Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 25 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 26 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 27 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 28 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 29 Designing services for networked library  The Library of Texas  Overarching goal  Provide services that extend the reach and range of Texans to information  A statewide initiative building on  The evolving telecommunications infrastructure  Computing and networking technologies  The treasures and resources of Texas libraries FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE LIBRARY OF TEXAS WEBSITE… http://castor.tsl.state.tx.us/lot Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 30 Library of Texas components  Licensed online databases  60+ databases  Full-text, reference materials, journals  Electronic archive of government information  Preserve electronic publications from state agencies   Comprehensive training  Training for use of online databases and other resources  Resource discovery service – The ZLOT Project Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 31 ZLOT Project  The Z Implementation Component of the Library of Texas  Design and planning for:  Resource discovery service  Resource access service  Build consensus on functional requirements  Develop an overall architecture for LOT  Formalize the requirements in technical  specifications  Demonstrate feasibility in proof of concept implementations FOR MORE INFORMATION, VISIT THE ZLOT PROJECT WEBSITE… http://www.unt.edu/zlot Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 32 Resource discovery service  Discovery services  Extends the reach and range of a user across • Organizational, collections, and format boundaries  A variety of tools and approaches for • Discovering the existence of appropriate resources • Identifying and selecting useful resources  Search and retrieval services are core  Single repository searching  Broadcast searching across similar repositories  Integrative searching across diverse resources Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 33 Central repository Graphic by Kevin Marsh, Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Used by permission Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 34 Customized access Graphic by Kevin Marsh, Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Used by permission Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 35 Standards-based approach Graphic by Kevin Marsh, Texas State Library and Archives Commission. Used by permission Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 36 Functional requirements  A common interface for simple and advanced searching across resources  Escape to native interfaces  Common interface yet customizable for local library presence  Tools to help users select resources to search  Multilingual interfaces  Well-organized results (by topic, by type of resource)  Indications of availability and “how to get” Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 37 Resource discovery service 1. TexShare Databases 2. E-books 3. Electronic Archive of Government Information 4. Statewide Virtual Catalog Content or Resource Collections Representations of Resources 1. Proprietary Records 2. Indices of Full-text Files 3. Dublin Core Metadata Records 4. MARC Records MIDDLEWARE LOT Search & Retrieval Interface 1. Broadcast Searching a. Similar Resources b. Dissimilar Resources 2. Common Retrieval Display 1. Translates Searches 2. Formats Retrievals 3. Interacts with Multiple IR Systems Middleware Information Retrieval Systems Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 38 Virtual catalog Catalog 4 Catalog N Catalog 1 Catalog 2 Catalog 3 Z Server Z Server Z Server Z Server Z Server User Interface Resulting  Virtual  Catalog Single user search as multiple queries to multiple catalogs USER PERCEIVES A SINGLE SEARCH TO  SINGLE LOGICAL RESOURCE Z39.50 Client Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 39 Integrating search & retrieval  Dynamic selection of two or more resources  Library catalogs  Licensed databases   Texas Record and Information Locator Service  Search using a common search interface provided by Z39.50 and other technologies  Customized user interfaces for various audiences Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 40 Resource discovery and metadata Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 41 Z39.50 resource discovery Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 42 Functional requirements implications  Interface  Makes visible the functionality  Hides the complexity  Manages changes in resources available  Supports appropriate standards    Target servers  Provides functionality available through interface  Serves local and non-local users  Supports appropriate standards Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 43 ZLOT architecture CONTENT LAYER SERVICES LAYER USER LAYER TexShare TRAIL VC Others Resource Discovery Library Home Office Mobile Access Transaction Authentication Z39.50 HTTP SOAP SOAP SOAP OTHER Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 44 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 45 Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 46 Resource access service  Access services  Completes cycle of information seeking  Technology and policies to get materials to user or desktop  Mediated and/or non-mediated services  Mechanisms • Interlibrary loan • Courier • Authentication services for direct delivery  Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 47 Opportunities and Challenges So many users, resources, technologies, standards!   A service-based framework provides a context for rational response:  For choosing and developing services  For identifying and selecting appropriate technologies and standards  The networked library requires more agreements and support of standards and …  Collaboration: vendors, content providers, libraries Moen Netspeed 2002 -- Calgary, Alberta -- October 2002 48 References  Interoperability: What is it and why should I want it? (Paul Miller) http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue24/interoperability/intro.html   A Service-Based Approach for Virtual Libraries and Designing & Demonstrating a Resource Discovery Service for the Library of Texas (Moen and Murray)  http://www.unt.edu/wmoen/publications/MoenVirtualLibrariesZLOTFall2002.pdf   ZLOT Project  http://www.unt.edu/zlot  

The 21st Century Library: Collaborative Services, Standards, and Interoperability

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The 21st Century Library: Collaborative Services, Standards, and Interoperability

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