Simulium (Ectemnaspis) pautense sp. n. was described based on female, male, pupal and larval specimens collected in small streams of Andean region in Ecuador. This new species is close to S. (E.) gabaldoni Ramirez Perez from Venezuela by having the 6-filamented pupal gills, but differs in the female from the latter species by lacking denticles in the cibarium and by the coloration of the legs.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Coscarón, Sixto

Takaoka, Hiroyuki

Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Japan. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., Vol. 17, No. 2, 1989, pp. 191-196 191DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF THE BLACK FLY SUBGENUS SIMULIUM (ECTEMNASPIS) FROM THE ANDES OF ECUADOR (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)SIXTO COSCARON1 AND HIROYUKI TAKAOKA2 Received January 13 1989/Accepted April 17 1989Abstract: Simulium (Ectemnaspis) pautense sp. n. was described based on female, male, pupal and larval specimens collected in small streams of Andean region in Ecuador. This new species is close to S. (E.) gabaldoni Ramirez Perez from Venezuela by having the 6-filamented pupal gills, but differs in the female from the latter species by lacking denticles in the cibarium and by the coloration of the legs.INTRODUCTIONCoscaron (1984) revised a neotropical simuliid fauna, and assigned 37 black fly species into the subgenus Simulium (Ectemnaspis) Enderlein. Of these, eight species have been reported from Ecuador (S. ignescens Roubaud, S. lutzianum Pinto, S. lewisi Ramirez Perez, S. pseudoantillarum Ramirez Perez and Vulcano, S. dinelii (Joan) , S. shewellianum Coscaron and S. bicoloratum Malloch, S. romanai Wygodzinsky (e.g., Coscaron, 1984; Takaoka and Hirai, 1987). Recently, an additional undescribed species of this subgenus was collected from the high Andes of Ecuador. This bears a combination of the following features: the adult scutum and abdomen colored partially yellowish, subtriangular paraprocts, female claws with a small subbasal tooth, and short, subcylindrical male style. All these fit the definition of the subgenus Simulium (Ectemnaspis), given by Coscaron (1984) . In this paper, this is below described as a new species.DESCRIPTIONSimulium (Ectemnaspis) pautense sp. n.Female. Wing length 2.4-2.6 mm. Head brown; proboscis, maxillary palps and antennae dark brown to black. Frons and clypeus with silvery pollinosity. Scutum orange, ornamented as in Figure 1, and greenish yellow laterally. Scutellum greenish yellow. Postscutellum velvet black with 1+1 small greyish patches. Pleura mostly pale yellow with a small elongated brown stripe over the pleural membrane, and brown basally. Wing hairs brown. Legs dark brown with concolored hairs. Abdominal tergites I-IV yellow, with tergal plates III and IV1 Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, universidad de La Plata, Peseo del Bosque 1900, La Plata, Argentina2 Division of Medical Zoology, Medical College of Oita, Hazama, Oita 879-56, Japan192pale brown; tergal plates V-IX blackish brown, waxy bright except plate V velvet bright (Fig. 2). Frons convergent below (Fig. 3); frontal angle 78 degrees. Frontoocular triangle as wide as high (Fig. 4) . Mandible with 29-33 teeth. Maxilla with 24 or 25 teeth. Sensory organ of maxillary palp shorter than 1/2 of basal segment. Basal portion of cibarium with reinforced border, and without denticles (Fig. 5). Basal section of R bare. Sternite VIII with darker middle area, and with about 27 hairs on each side; gonapophyses reinforced on the internal border (Fig. 6) ; paraproct about as long as wide at base (Fig. 7); cercus with straight border; genital fork with middle branches heavily sclerotized (Fig. 8). Male. Wing length 2.3-2.5 mm. Coloration very close to female. Scutum pale but yellow orange on the top, and with a T-formed black stripe on the anterior third and a pair of black, broad longitudinal stripes sublaterally (Fig. 10) . Hind basitarsus about 5 x as long as its width (Fig. 9). Style about 4/5 •~ length of coxite (Fig. 11). Median sclerite elongated with a distal concavity. Parameres with several stout hooks (Fig. 13). Pupa. Gill (Figs. 14 and 15) with 6 slender filaments and 2.7-3.3 mm long. Frontoclypeus and exposed portion of thorax with rounded and smooth tubercles (Figs. 16 and 17). Trichomes on frontoclypeus and thorax curved basally and divided into 3-6 branches (Figs. 15 and 16). Cocoon (Fig. 14) simple slipper-shaped, thickly woven with evident threads; its length 3.0-3.3 mm at base and 2.4-2.8 mm dorsally. Mature larva. Body shaped as in Figure 18, and 5.5-5.8 mm long. Head brown with negative head spots (Fig. 19); cephalic capsule 0.55 mm in maximum width . Hypostomium with median tooth as high as corner teeth and with 5 setae on each side (Fig . 20) . Postgenal cleft deep and narrow (Fig. 20). Antenna (Fig. 21) shorter than base of cephalic fan; relative length of segments 1-3, 1.0:1.0-1.2:1.6-2.0. Cephalic fan with 42-48 rays . Mandible with 8-10 internal teeth disposed in 2-3 rows (Fig. 22). Thorax and abdomen mostly greenish and their cuticles bare except setose portion near anal sclerite. Proleg sclerite comb with 23-25 teeth (Fig. 23). Anal sclerite shaped as in Figure 24, and with several setae on each side. Posterior circlet with 73-76 rows of 14-15 hooks. Anal gill with 12 secondary lobules on each lobe. Material examined. Holotype female, reared from pupa, was collected from a small stream about 20 cm wide (ca. 2,500 m in altitude) in Paute, Azuay, Ecuador, 5 July, 1988, by H. Takaoka; allotype male, paratypes 2 females and 1 male, 10 pupae and 2 larvae, same data as holotype. Paratypes 8 females and 5 males, reared from pupae, were collected from a small shallow stream 10-30 cm wide (ca. 3,000 m in alt.) in Cuenca, Ecuador, 4 July, 1988, by H. Takaoka. All the type specimens are deposited in Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina. Remarks. Simulium pautense sp. n. is close to S. gabaldoni reported from Venezuela (Ramirez Perez, 1971) by having the 6 respiratory filaments in the pupa, but differs in the female from the latter species by the absence of tubercles in the cibarium and by the entire darkness in the legs.193123456789Figs. 1-9. Simulium pautenese sp. n. 1-8, female and 9, male. 1, scutum and scutellum in dorsal view; 2, abdomen in dorsal view; 3, frons; 4, frontoocular triangle; 5, cibarium; 6, sternite VIII and anterior gonapophyses; 7, paraproct and cercus in lateral view; 8, genital fork; 9, hind basitarsus.1941011121314151617Figs. 10-17 Simulium pautense sp. n. 10-13, male and 14-17, pupa. 10, Scutum and scutellum in dorsal view; 11, coxite and style in dorsal view; 12, ventral plate in frontal and ventral view; 13, parameres; 14, pupa and its cocoon; 15, thoracic integument and respiratory filaments; 16, frontoclypeus with tubercles and trichomes; 17, round and smooth tubercles on fronto-clypeus.19518192021222324Figs. 18-24 Simulium pautense sp. n. larva. 18, lateral view of larva; 19, cephalic apotome; 20, ventral view of head capsule showing hypostomium and postgenal cleft; 21, antenna; 22, apical tip of mandible; 23, sclerite comb of proleg; 24, anal sclerite.196ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe are grateful to Dr. Kleber Loor, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Higiene y Medicina Tropical "Leopoldo Izquieta Perez", Dr. Eduardo Gomez L., Depar-tamento de Parasitologia, Universidad Catolica, Guayaquil, Ecuador, and Dr. Y. Hashiguchi, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan for their kind support in the field survey. Thanks are also due to Dr. Nélida Caligaris for her help in making illustrations.REFERENCES1) Coscaron, S. (1984): Revision del subgenero Simulium (Ectemnaspis) Enderlein (Simuliidae , Diptera, Insecta), Rev. Soc. Ento. Argentina, 43, 283-325 2) Ramirez, Perez (1971): Distribucion geografica y revision taxonomica de los Simulidos (Diptera: Nematocera) de Venezuela con descripcion de diez especies nuevas, Acta Biol. Venezuela, 7, 271-372 3) Takaoka, H. and Hirai, H. (1987): Faunistic surveys of blackflies (Simuliidae) in Ecuador , pp. 36-38, In: Tada, I. ed., "A comparative study on onchocerciasis between south and central Americas", Shimoda Printing and Co., Kumamoto, Japanエ ク ア ドル の ア ン デ ス 高 地 で 見 い だ さ れ たEctemnaspis亜 属 の1新 種 ブ ユ の 記 載Sixto Coscaron1・ 高 岡 宏 行2エ クア ドル の ア ンデス高地 のパ ウテ町 におい て採集 され た ブユ の成虫,蝉 お よび幼 虫 を分類 学的 に検 討 した結 果,Simulium属 のEctemnaspis亜 属 に属 す る新種 で あ る こ とが 分 か った ので 新種 名 を与 え,記 載 を行 った。1 アルゼ ンチン国立ラプラタ大学 自然科学部 ・博物館2 大分医科大学医動物学教室

Description of a new species of the black fly subgenus Simulium (Ectemnaspis) from the Andes of Ecuador (Diptera: Simuliidae)

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Description of a new species of the black fly subgenus Simulium (Ectemnaspis) from the Andes of Ecuador (Diptera: Simuliidae)

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