Impact of the forest fires on the black pine tree bark chemical composition (Pinus nigra Arn.)

Abstract

Šumski požari pojava su nekontrolirane vatre u šumama, nanose velike štete, što ovisi o starosti šume, vrstama drveća, odnosno vegetacije te o vrsti požara i njegovoj jačini, a nastaju rjeđe prirodnim uzrocima, a najčešće ljudskom djelatnošću. Kako na navedenim područjima nakon požara zaostanu znatne količine opožarenih stabala postavlja se pitanje u kojem stupnju su ona kemijski degradirana, odnosno da li ona i dalje posjeduju sva svojstva za daljnju primjenu u mehaničkoj ili kemijskoj preradi drva. Stoga, u ovom radu istraživan je utjecaj šumskih požara na grupni kemijski sastav kore drva crnog bora (Pinus nigra Arn.). Istraživanje je provedeno određivanjem grupnog kemijskog sastava (akcesorne tvari, mineralne tvari, celuloza, drvne polioze i lignin) kore opožarenog drva i neopožarenog drva crnog bora (radi usporedbe s korom opožarenog) uzorkovanjem kolutova na visinama stabla 0 m, 2 m i 4 m. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata kemijskih analiza kore opožarenog drva crnog bora utvrđen je utjecaj šumskih požara na promjenu samog kemijskog sastava usporedbom s kemijskim sastavom kore neopožarenog drva crnog bora. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali značajnu različitost u smanjenom sadržaju pepela i drvnih polioza (hemiceluloze) te povećanom sadržaju celuloze i lignina između neopožarene i opožarene kore drva. Nadalje, pri istoj usporedbi kod sadržaja akcesornih tvari nismo uočili značajnu različitost.Forest fires are uncontrolled fires in forests, causing great damage, which depends on the age of the forest, tree/vegetation species, as well as the type of fire and its intensity, that are less commonly caused by natural causes, and most often by human activity. Since significant quantities of burnt trees remain in these areas after the fire, the question arises to what extent they are chemically degraded, or whether they still have all the properties for further use in mechanical or chemical wood processing. Therefore, in this paper, the influence of forest fires on the group chemical composition of black pine bark (Pinus nigra Arn.) was researched. The research was conducted by determining the group chemical composition (accessory substances, minerals, cellulose, wood polyose and lignin) of burnt and unburnt black pine wood bark (in comparison with burnt bark) by sampling rings at tree heights of 0 m, 2 m and 4 m. Based on the obtained chemical analyses results of the burnt black pine wood bark, the influence of forest fires on the change of the chemical composition was determined in comparison with the chemical composition of the unburnt black pine wood bark. The obtained results showed a significant difference in the reduced content of ash and wood polyose (hemicellulose) and the increased content of cellulose and lignin between unburnt and burnt wood bark. Furthermore, in the same comparison, we did not notice significant differences in the content of accessory substances

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