Galvao, Carlos

Kim, Young-oh

Kolokytha, Elpida

Mondal, Arpita

Mujumdar, Pradeep

Noharam Daisuke

Oishi, Satoru

Ranzi, Roberto

Teegavarapu, Ramesh

English

Hydraulic Engineering Repository

Article, Published VersionGalvao, Carlos; Kim, Young-oh; Kolokytha, Elpida; Mondal, Arpita;Mujumdar, Pradeep; Noharam Daisuke; Oishi, Satoru; Ranzi, Roberto;Teegavarapu, RameshThe contribution of IAHR's communities of watermanagement and climate change towards the SDGsHydrolinkVerfügbar unter/Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11970/109373Vorgeschlagene Zitierweise/Suggested citation:Galvao, Carlos; Kim, Young-oh; Kolokytha, Elpida; Mondal, Arpita; Mujumdar, Pradeep;Noharam Daisuke; Oishi, Satoru; Ranzi, Roberto; Teegavarapu, Ramesh (2017): Thecontribution of IAHR's communities of water management and climate change towards theSDGs. In: Hydrolink 2017/3. Madrid: International Association for Hydro-EnvironmentEngineering and Research (IAHR). S. 77-79. https://iahr.oss-accelerate.aliyuncs.com/library/HydroLink/HydroLink2017_03_SDGs.pdf.Standardnutzungsbedingungen/Terms of Use:Die Dokumente in HENRY stehen unter der Creative Commons Lizenz CC BY 4.0, sofern keine abweichendenNutzungsbedingungen getroffen wurden. Damit ist sowohl die kommerzielle Nutzung als auch das Teilen, dieWeiterbearbeitung und Speicherung erlaubt. Das Verwenden und das Bearbeiten stehen unter der Bedingung derNamensnennung. Im Einzelfall kann eine restriktivere Lizenz gelten; dann gelten abweichend von den obigenNutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.Documents in HENRY are made available under the Creative Commons License CC BY 4.0, if no other license isapplicable. Under CC BY 4.0 commercial use and sharing, remixing, transforming, and building upon the materialof the work is permitted. In some cases a different, more restrictive license may apply; if applicable the terms ofthe restrictive license will be binding.77hydrolink number 3/2017IAHRIAHR’s communities of waterresources management and climatechangeIAHR’s Committee on Water ResourcesManagement, and Working Group on ClimateChange have promoted the discussion ofsustainability. Recent activities of these commu-nities are the publication of a book on“Sustainable Water Resources Planning andManagement under Climate Change” publishedin 2017 and a Hydrolink article on “Summary ofrecommendations for policymakers onadaptation to climate change in waterengineering” (Issue 2015/3) Among IAHR’sjournals, the Journal of River BasinManagement, the Journal of Applied WaterEngineering and Research and the RevistaIberoamericana del Agua (RIBAGUA) includethe topic of Water Management in their scope.37th IAHR World Congress’ sessions on WaterResources Management hosted some 98papers, most of them related to the SDGs.Among these, 55 addressed Integrated WaterManagement, including reservoir, drought,flood, groundwater and demand management;15 presentations addressed climate changeimpacts on water and 15 wastewater treatmentand pollution control. These numbers show thestrong commitment of the members of theseIAHR communities to ground-based researchaimed at sustained and inclusive global andregional development. In the next paragraphs,we show some examples on how IAHR is devel-oping state-of-the-art knowledge and methodsfor policy-makers to achieve the SDGs consid-ering water as main resource under threat.Green economy and water resourcesmanagementA holistic approach to water resourcesmanagement needs to incorporate all drivers ofchange. Integrated and adaptive management,where decisions are made taking into accountspace and time variations and where adjust-ments are to be made according to specificneeds can foster more efficient and sustainableuse of water resources. SDGs mainly considerthe use of resources and the way human activ-ities affect the natural and built environment.The sustainable use of natural resources andthe environment has to be the core concept ofeconomic growth while the perception ofendless resource exploitation should bereplaced by resource efficiency. The use ofimproved technology lowers inputs of materialTHE CONTRIBUTION OF IAHR’S COMMUNITIES OF WATER MANAGEMENT ANDCLIMATE CHANGE TOWARDS THE SDGsBY CARLOS GALVÃO, YOUNG-OH KIM, ELPIDA KOLOKYTHA, ARPITA MONDAL, PRADEEP MUJUMDAR, DAISUKE NOHARA, SATORU OISHI, ROBERTO RANZI & RAMESH TEEGAVARAPUIntegrated and adaptive management can foster more equitable, efficient and sustainable access anduse of water resources, and in this way address the specific needs of the SDGs. These principles mustbe the core concept of societal and human development.The perception of endless resourcesexploitation should be replaced by resource efficiency. End of poverty, suffering, hunger, inequalitiesand injustice must be considered as core objectives of water management. IAHR is committed to createinterest for all communities and stakeholders involved in development of sustainable and climate-change sensitive and risk-informed water resources management, thus contributing to the achievementof the SDGs.Figure 1.  Kamafusa Reservoir, a multi-purpose reservoir operated for flood control, water supply andpower generation in the Natori River basin in Japan. The reservoir provided enhanced capability for floodprotection by introducing prior release operation considering real-time hydrological predictions while riverlevees in the downstream were damaged by the great earthquake and tsunami in 201178 hydrolink number 3/2017Carlos Galvão is anAssociate Professor at theUniversity of CampinaGrande, Brazil, currently ona research leave to GriffithUniversity, Australia. Hechairs the Water ResourcesTeam of the Brazilian Research Network onGlobal Climate Change.Young-Oh Kim is Professorat Seoul National University,Korea. He chairs the WaterResources ManagementCommittee of IAHR. Hisresearch interests includesimulation and optimizationmodels for water resources systems andintegrated climate change assessments.Elpida Kolokytha is anAssociate Professor inAristotle University ofThessaloniki, Greece. Shehas 24 years of researchexperience in the field ofenvironmental policy,integrated water resources management,social and economic aspects of waterresources.Satoru Oishi, Professor, isthe Director of ResearchCenter for Urban Safety andSecurity, KOBE University,Japan, and also the Leaderof Computational DisasterMitigation and ReductionResearch Unit, Advanced Institute forComputational Science (AICS), RIKEN, Japan.Roberto Ranzi is Professor of HydraulicStructures and of Hydro-meteorological monitoringand river basin restoration atthe University of Brescia,Italy. He chairs the ClimateChange Working Group of IAHR.Ramesh Teegavarapu is anAssociate Professor, aFulbright Scholar Awardrecipient and Director of theHydrosystems ResearchLaboratory at Florida AtlanticUniversity. His researchfocuses on climate variability and change,precipitation processes, water and environ-mental systems modeling.Arpita Mondal serves asAssistant Professor atIndian Institute ofTechnology (IIT) Bombay.She is a recipient of theprestigious INSPIREFaculty Award (2015) andthe Early Career Research Award (2017) bythe Govt. of India.P. P. Mujumdar isProfessor and Chairmanof Interdisciplinary Centrefor Water Research atIndian Institute of Science(IISc), Bangalore. He is afellow of the IndianAcademy of Sciences andis a recipient of the Alexander von HumboldtMedal of the European Geosciences Union(EGU), the Distinguished Visiting Fellowshipof the Royal Academy of Engineering, UK.Daisuke Nohara isAssistant Professor atDisaster PreventionResearch Institute ofKyoto University, Japan.His field of expertiseincludes optimalmanagement of water resources systems,operational hydrology, and assessment onapplicability of hydrological predictions. tainties, with the aim to aid practitioners andpolicy makers in developing water infrastructureto ensure equitable and universal distribution ofwater resources. These principles are genericand apply to all environmental systems under-going change, thereby aligning to achieve theSDGs.Adaptive reservoir managementNovel and holistic approaches for the adaptiveoperation of reservoirs considering real-timehydro-meteorological predictions can enhancethe significance of reservoirs by integratingoperations for achieving different objectivesrelated to the SDGs, such as flood and droughtmanagement, municipal and agricultural watersupply, and power generation.Reservoirs play a significant role in mitigatingwater-related disasters such as floods ordroughts, which may become more severeunder a changing climate. Development andimplementation of the integrated operation ofreservoirs are therefore important to reduceWater management under climatechangeDecision makers need to recognize that newtypes of decisions are needed under climatechange. Modelling and analysis needs to takethese, often unclear, factors into accountincluding making allowances for greater fluctua-tions in available water resources. The problemsof climate change are global and where watersources overlap national boundaries, watermanagers should transcend those boundaries. Traditional estimates of hydrologic risk andinfrastructure design principles are based onthe notion of stationarity that can be challengedby global warming and associated changes inthe coupled natural and human systems.Comprehensive methods have been developedfor investigating climate-change-induced non-stationarity in hydrologic extremes and how itcan affect hydrologic risk estimation for infras-tructure design and hazard mitigation. Newapproaches and principles address the effect ofnon-stationarity and also the associated uncer-and energy, which in turn reduces pollutants,resulting in this way to higher environmentalprotection. In this sense, green economy andgreen development provide a core concept forsustainable water management.Water needs to be seen as an integral part ofthe ecosystem and as such, solutions shouldrevolve around maintenance of ecosystemservices, reallocation among sectors, true costpricing and public engagement in all stages ofdecision-making. Using water efficiently, makingit available to all at a reasonable cost andensuring environmental sustainability ofecosystems constitutes the “puzzle” ofsustainable water management. Water andwater management is essential in combatingpoverty, enhancing economic development,ensuring food security and sustainableagriculture, allowing for sustainable productionand consumption. Water management is alsoessential in promoting sustainable cities andsecuring peace.Water-related SDGs79hydrolink number 3/2017IAHRvulnerability and exposure of people to thosedisasters, which can contribute to building theresilience of the poor for sustainable devel-opment. The methods of adaptive reservoiroperation provide an effective approach toincrease the ability of reservoirs to control thosewater-related disasters in an integrated mannerutilizing advanced real-time hydrologicalforecasts for more adaptive and resilient waterresources management under climate change.An example of this approach is the operation ofthe Kamafusa Reservoir in Japan (Figure 1)following the Tohoku earthquake of 2011, whenreal-time predictions of hydrologic conditionswere used to adjust water releases from thereservoir in order to provide adequate floodprotection downstream where the river leveeshad been damaged by the tsunami that wascaused by the earthquake.Many reservoirs supply water for irrigation,contributing to enhanced food production.Introducing a sophisticated operation of reser-voirs is therefore important for more sustainablefood production systems under changingclimate. One of the common purposes of reser-voirs is hydropower, which is considered asrenewable energy. It is therefore important tooptimize reservoir operations for power gener-ation in order to increase the amount ofrenewable energy generation. Water governance for the SDGsSDGs-related challenges are so great that theymay require substantial adaptations and eventransformations in social organizations and theuse of their resources. In the context of climatechange, uncertainties associated with climatevariability in the future are even more strikingand complex towards this end.  An example, ofthe magnitude of such uncertainties is shown inFigure 2 which shows the range of predictionsof future water scarcity in a semi-arid rural partof Brazil.From the perspective of the integrated andadaptive management of water resources, it isimportant to understand its aspects relevant towater governance, considering the adaptationmeasures that promote the SDGs. In this sense,new approaches have focused on the followingquestions: • in what aspects will water governance,through its policies, plans and managementsystems, need to adapt to better cope withthe new development goals? • how to generate strategies to meet therequirements of this adaptive governance? It is essential that no group of people,independent of race, ethnicity or socio-economic class, should suffer alone thenegative impacts resulting from industrial,agricultural, commercial and infrastructure activ-ities or government programs and policies. Theconcept of equity should, therefore, be a keycriterion of sustainable water management. Asan example, inefficient water resourcemanagement has caused unequal access towater by different social groups or unequalexposure to water-related disasters in manyregions of the world. nFigure 2.  Current (2010) and future (2050) values of water scarcity (expressed as the water supply deficit as % of annual domestic water demand) of rainwatersystems for water harvesting surfaces of 40m2 and 60m2 in the Brazilian rural semi-arid in the State of Paraíba derived from projections by 19 climate models. The quantiles refer to simulations of water scarcity from model projections of rainfall. For example, the second plane from the bottom, labelled 25% quartile,represents predictions of 25% of the models showing the smallest deficit, i.e. the lowest water scarcity. Risk of future scarcity can be minimized through largerwater harvesting areas. Approximately one million of such small rainwater systems supply safe water for small communities in the whole Brazilian semi-aridregion (courtesy of Marilia Dantas, of the University of Campina Grande, Brazil)To know more

The contribution of IAHR's communities of water management and climate change towards the SDGs

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The contribution of IAHR's communities of water management and climate change towards the SDGs

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