Cliquet, An

Ntirumenyerwa Mihigo, Blaise-Pascal

English

Ghent University Academic Bibliography

Interaction of REDD+ and the Polluter -Pays Principle into the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Framework and Management of the Congo BasinDefinitionsREDD+: Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation andForest Degradation in developing countries, and the role ofconservation; sustainable management of forests carbon stocksin developing countries.Polluter-Pays Principle : Principle of international law whichpromotes the protection of the environment by making theresponsible of a polluting activity (polluter) bears the cost ofhis/her pollution.Biodiversity and Ecosystem Framework and Management:means the legal basis, management strategy and practiceconcerning biodiversity and ecosystems which are applicable inthe Congo Basin rainforests.AbstractThe focus of this paper concerns legal issues as an option for reducing driversof deforestation and providing development opportunities.The environmental legal framework of Congo Basin countries will be brieflyanalyzed regarding to the REDD+ mechanism and the Polluter Pays Principle inorder to improve the management of Congo Basin forests. Especially, theinteraction between the REDD+ and the Polluter Pays Principle and its possibleinfluence in the sustainable management of biodiversity and ecosystems in theCongo Basin is taken as a background. Tools of compliance and enforcement ofthe environmental framework will be proposed and described respectively.The study concludes by a recommendation addressed to policy-makers of theCongo Basin to adopt the Polluter Pays Principle in their environmental legalframework in order to provide a fair implementation of REDD+ for aObjectives•Determine which legal basis is likely to maximize REDD+ opportunities in the Congo Basin.Blaise-Pascal Ntirumenyerwa Mihigo & An CliquetGhent University, Law Faculty, Department of Public International LawUniversiteitstraat 4, 9000 Ghent (Belgium)BlaisePascal.NtirumenyerwaMihigo@ugent.behttp://www.law.ugent.beTemporal Interaction• Time-limited andselective REDD+projects completedby a PermanentPolluter PaysPrinciple Mechanismapplied todeforestation andforest degradationTechnical Interaction• Training of personnel from institutions of  hosted REDD+ countries• Technical assistance for Monitoring Greenhouse Gas Emissions• Technical Assistance  for the fixation of reference forest levels needed for the Polluter Pays Principle Mechanism for estimating pollution releasedFinancial Interaction• REDD+ funding• Cost of pollutionfrom Polluter PaysPrincipleMechanism appliedto deforestation andforest degradationLegal Interaction• Incentive to discourage polluters throughthe Polluter Pays Principle applied todeforestation and forest degradation•Identifying gaps, assessing applied andproposed laws, and updating relatedforestry laws such as Mining, PublicWorks, Land Tenure and Property Rights,Land Use, Forestry concessions and rightson ownership and indigenous people inorder to facilitate REDD+ implementationCONCLUSION1. COMIFAC •Adoption of a guideline which includes the Polluter Pays Principle applied to deforestation and forest degradation, and REDD+ implementation requirements 2. Congo Basin Countries•Acceptance of the above regional guideline in the national legislations •Adaptation of related Forestry Lawssustainable management of Congo Basin forests.ReferencesGlobal Canopy Programme (2008) The Little REDDBook, A guide to governmental and non governmentallyproposals for Reducing Emissions from Degradationand Deforestation, November 2008, Oxford, OX2 8QJ,UK.COMIFAC (2007): Atelier sur l’adaptation des Foretstropicales aux Changements climatiques, SecrétariatExécutif de la COMIFAC, 22-24/7/2007,CamerounIUCN (2011): Progress with formal REDD plusplanning in Cameroon,21April 2011, IUCNWorld Bank, REDD (2009): References levels anddrivers of deforestation in Congo Basin countries,November 2009,DoulaRings (I.), Shroter-shlaaack (C.) (2011): Instrumentsmixes for biodiversity policies, policy mix report, issuen°2/2011,june 2011, LeipzigProcess-Inclusion of an extended interpretationof the Polluter Pays Principle todeforestation and forest degradation inthe Environmental Legal Framework.-Taking into account REDD+requirements in the national policies:forest reference levels, training ofinstitutions and straiten the technologyof monitoring greenhouse gasemissions.-Adaptation of related forest areaslegislation: agriculture, mining, publicworks, land use and land tenure, forestryconcessions and rights on ownershipand indigenous people.Legal basis -OECD (1972) : Recommendation of the council on guiding principles concerninginternational economic aspects of environmental policies-UNCED (1992) : Dublin Declaration; UN (1997): Glossary of Environmentalstatistics,n°67, New York (User and Beneficiary Pays Principle); UNCED (1992): RioDeclaration Principle 16- UNFCCC: Bali Action Plan /COP.13(2003); Decision 4/COP 15(2009); Decision1/COP 16(2010); Guidance on systems for providing information on how safeguardsare addressed and respected and modalities relating to forest reference emissions levelsand forest reference level as referred in decision 1/COP.16 (2011) ,Outcome of Ad HocWorking Group long-term Cooperative Action Under the Convention /COP17 (2011).Legislative Opportunities in the Congo Basin- COMIFAC (2005): Treaty on the conservation and the sustainable management offorest ecosystems in Central African and to establish the Central African ForestsCommission (COMIFAC) and its Convergence Plan Axis 1 and 9-Congo Basin countries :National legislations in force relevant to Environment,Forestry and their related areas•Strengthen the legal basis and enhance funding opportunities for avoiding deforestation and forest degradation in the  Congo Basin rainforests.

Interaction of REDD+ and the polluter -pays principle into the Biodiversity and ecosystem framework and management of the Congo basin

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Interaction of REDD+ and the polluter -pays principle into the Biodiversity and ecosystem framework and management of the Congo basin

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