Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of hypothermia and acidosis on blood coagulation in different anaesthesia protocols. Our experiment was performed with 28 dogs, divided into four groups: three experimental submitted to inhalation, balanced, and epidural anaesthesia and one control. In all animals blood pH, core body temperature and some principal parameters of blood coagulation (platelet count, activated partial prothrombine time-APPT, prothrombine time-PT and plasma fibrinogen concentrations) were investigated. The dynamics included five periods; prior to anaesthesia (0th minute), at the time of pre-medication (30th minute), during deep anaesthesia (120th minute), after recovery (about 140th minute), and on the next day (24th hour). The results indicated that the most significant were changes in balanced anaesthesia. APPT was shortened after recovery from balanced anaesthesia (14.1 ± 0.9 seconds, P<0.05) and on the next day (14.5 ± 0.7, P<0.05) compared to the initial value (16.1 ± 0.5). The most pronounced acidosis in this group was recorded during deep anaesthesia (7.126 ± 0.041, P<0.001) and after recovery (7.241 ± 0.028, P<0.05) by comparison with the baseline (7.312 ± 0.008). Parameters of blood coagulation in inhalation anaesthesia group were unchanged. Statistically significant alterations in blood pH were observed only during the deep anaesthesia stage (7.199 ± 0.049, P<0.01) compared to the beginning (7.316 ± 0.006). Epidural anaesthesia did not result in blood pH and coagulation changes. In this group an increase in fibrinogen concentrations at 24th hour (3.7 ± 0.2, P<0.05) were found, compared to the baseline (3.1 ± 0.2), which was probably due to the intervention. In the three groups the core body temperature was decreased at the 120th minute and 140th minute. In conclusion, balanced anaesthesia activated blood coagulation at the 140th minute and 24th hour, which was manifested by a shortening in APPT at these periods. Hypothermia and acidosis accompanying balanced and inhalation anaesthesia groups, as well as hypothermia in epidural anaesthesia had no influence upon blood coagulation parameters.Cilj rada bio je istražiti utjecaj hipotermije i acidoze na zgrušavanje krvi pri različitim postupcima anestezije. U pokus je uzeto 28 pasa podijeljenih u četiri skupine. Jedna od pokusnih skupina bila je izložena inhalacijskoj, druga uravnoteženoj, a treća epiduralnoj anesteziji, dok je četvrta bila kontrolna skupina. U svih životinja izmjeren je pH krvi, tjelesna temperatura i neki glavni pokazatelji zgrušavanja krvi (broj trombocita, aktivacijsko parcijalno protrombinsko vrijeme - APPV, protrombinsko vrijeme - PV i koncentracija fibrinogena u plazmi). Kretanje pretraživanih pokazatelja promatrano je u vremenu prije anestezije (0. minuta), u trenutku premedikacije (30. minuta), u tijeku duboke anestezije (120. minuta), nakon oporavka (oko 140. minute) i sljedećeg dana (nakon 24 sata). Najznačajnije promjene ustanovljene su u tijeku uravnotežene anestezije. Pri toj anesteziji APPV je u usporedbi s početnim vrijednostima (16,1 ± 0,5) bio skraćen nakon oporavka (14,1 ± 0,9 sekundi; P<0,05) i sljedećeg dana (14,5 ± 0,7; P<0,05). U usporedbi s početnom vrijednošću (7,312 ± 0,008), najizraženija acidoza u toj skupini bila je utvrđena u tijeku duboke anestezije (7,126 ± 0,041; P<0,001) i nakon oporavka (7,241 ± 0,028; P<0,05). Pokazatelji zgrušavanja krvi u skupini pasa izloženih inhalacijskoj anesteziji nisu bili promijenjeni. Statistički značajne promjene u pH krvi utvrđene su samo u tijeku duboke anestezije (7,199 ± 0,049; P<0,01) u usporedbi s početnim vrijednostima (7,316 ± 0,006). Epiduralna anestezija nije uzrokovala promjene u pH i zgrušavanju krvi. U skupini pasa s tom anestezijom ustanovljeno je povećanje koncentracije fibrinogena nakon 24 sata (3,7 ± 0,2; P<0,05) u usporedbi s početnim vrijednostima (3,1 ± 0,2), što se pripisuje samom zahvatu. Tjelesna temperatura bila je smanjena u 120. i 140. minuti u životinja pokusnih skupina. Zaključno se može reći da je uravnotežena anestezija potaknula zgrušavanje krvi u 140. minuti i nakon 24 sata, što se očitovalo skraćenjem APPV. Hipotermija i acidoza u skupinama s uravnoteženom i inhalacijskom anesteziojm, kao i hipotermija u skupini s epiduralnom anestezijom, nisu utjecale na pokazatelje zgrušavanja krvi
