In today's challenging energy context, the sustainability of national energy systems plays a key role in the development of current and future energy policies. These systems are essential to address energy challenges such as energy security, environmental mitigation in terms of atmospheric emissions and the penetration of more efficient and lower cost energy. In this context, energy modelling tools are becoming increasingly important, as they are able to represent an energy system in a simplified but effective way. These models are assumed to be relevant in helping decision-makers, companies, and organisations to define the best strategies towards an energy transition. These models can define strategies characterised by significant reliability and representative of an energy system consistent with the intrinsic constraints of the system and the country itself, and with a given time horizon. However, the main energy models used are often not freely available or usable, which makes it difficult to compare and evaluate the existing results in the scientific literature on energy systems. In terms of models, the application of the open-source energy model EnergyScope TD to the Spanish case study is presented to identify the different decarbonisation scenarios of the Spanish energy system for 2030. Firstly, regarding the previous work carried out using this model, the proposed solution model, called Spanish Energyscope, adds new resources and energy conversion technologies. Secondly, to check the accuracy and corroborate the optimal performance of the model, a validation of the Spanish Energyscope model is carried out in the past reference year of 2015. This year is chosen because the documentation of the real data for this year is available and, therefore, the consistency of the model results with the real data can be checked. Once the reliability of the model has been checked, several decarbonisation scenarios are defined for 2030 to have a broad vision of which technologies should be used to achieve the objectives set by the national and European organisations with competences in energy. From the detailed analysis of the different scenarios, it can be seen that the scenarios without relevant changes do not achieve the environmental objectives by 2030 and that the PNIEC proposes two scenarios that achieve part of the national and European objectives defined. It can also be noted that to walk this difficult path towards the decarbonisation of the Spanish energy system, enormous technical and economic efforts are necessary for the electrification of energy demand in all sectors. To this end, the focus should be on expanding, for example, the use of electric vehicles, heat pumps and the development of renewable energy technologies.Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminan
