AL-HASSO, THAMER S.

English

ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive

ANALYSIS OF TKE TAKE-OFF PHASE OF REVERSE DIVES PROM 3-M SPRINGBOARD: APPLICATION IN PRACTICAt TRAINING STEGELMAHN, K.; UNGERECIiTS, B.E. Institut fur Biomechanik und Leistungsdiagnostik Hannover FRG In recent years, the undentaDding of biorechanical facton cootrihting to tbe performwe in springboard diving bas increased. Besides the mct demonstration of tbc dive itself, vbicb vill be judged i n  the first place, the height of the flight is likevise Inown to be iqurtant for the final scoring procedure. Requiremts tor a successful and exact dive are set during tbe take-off phase. Ron different investiqatiora som influence factors in reverse dives are hwn, such as vertial/borimtal velocity of the divers C.C., q l e  relative to C.G. at take-off, rotational velocity of the am, rotational velocity of the trunk,... katers of the West G e r m  diving tean wre videotaped i n  training and wetit ion.  An hie1 Perfome Analysis Systca (MAS) vas used t o  digitize tbe pictures and process the data. kqether with athletes and coaches, resulting biowhanical parameters were discussed, strategies for following technical traininq e re  developed. In professional coaching there is the problem of b v i n q  'data on hand'. Since new devices for analysis are available, vhich meet the demnds of practice, thc purpose of this paper is to give report of this application and the effect on the technical training. BIOMECHANICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE STEPPING EXERCISE MACHINE FOR TRAINING TERAUDS, J. Research Center for Sports Colorado State University USA Today, the wst popular training whine for cardiovascular developmnt is the stepping mchine, relatively new device for aerobic or aerobic erercise. Ibe purpose of this paper is to follow the development of the stepping mchine fron a biowhanical and physioloqical point of view. This paper discussed the research conducted i n  the developaent of the mchine, the nature of training possible with tbe  chine an;l the potential of the stepping =chine for traininq purposes in sports events and for rehabilition. Tbe discussion looh at aechanical ard physiological work comparisons and covers the question of local or general training effects. THE EFFECT OF LOADING AND UNLOADING ON SELECTED INDOOR AND OUTDOOR PLAYING SURFACES !lXiUER S.  AL-HASSO University of Baghdad College of Sport Education The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences among selected indoor aod outdoor playing surfaces concerned with shock absorption capacity, defomtion, adulus of elasticity, compliance, and energy loss. Also, the hoqeneity of each tested playinq surface, at four locations, was investigated. Instron Testing VIII Symposium ISBS - 381 - Prague 1990 I n s h m t  vas used for applying 13.345 XN conpressive loading and unloading on standard disk sanples ( 1 ~ 4 4 )  , five centimeter in diameter, of eleven selected indoor and outdoor playinrj surfaces. During loading ard unloading, four dependent variables were extracted and calculated fron th.- stress strain c u m  by llsioq the Byperplot softvare. Qle-Uay ANOVA was utilized for testing the differ- among the playing surfaces and CBi Spare was used for testing the homgnneity of each play& surface a t  four different locations. Al tested playing surfaces h u e d  differwces among the investigated variables except the mqliance during unloading uhich shovs m differexes,  furtkmre, during loading and unloadirq tbe playirq surfaces shoved hopogeneity. Spcrtflex surface produced tbe bigbest absorbed and returned energies, vheres, the S u p r a  Court surface produced tbe lovest ewrgy a k & d  and tbe highest energy recovered. Sportflex ard Super-X (1.205 cm thick) playing surfaces w e  observed t o  4 v e  the highest defomtion rrbereas, Super-X produced Ute highest recoil. Supre~e Track surface pmdwd the lowst deformation and recoil. Suprenu? Track d a c e  produced the highest nodulus of elasticity of the p l g i q  surfaces during loading and unloading. Bowever, Super-X (1.205 a) and Lykold shoved the lowst rodolus of elasticity during loading. Curing loading, Super-X surface had the highest mnpliance of the playing surfaces vbereas Sqreae Court and Supres? h a c k  surfaces had the l o w t  coapliam. loading Sportflu surface resulted in a higher energy loss than Supreme Qurt surface. Prague 1990 <a=&#* 

THE EFFECT OF LOADING AND UNLOADING ON SELECTED INDOOR AND OUTDOOR PLAYING SURFACES

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THE EFFECT OF LOADING AND UNLOADING ON SELECTED INDOOR AND OUTDOOR PLAYING SURFACES

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ISBS (International Society of Biomechanics in Sports): Conference Proceedings Archive