Background: Mayurpiccha Bhasma is a classical Ayurvedic kalpa prepare from peacock feathers, which is commonly used for treatment of Vomiting, Hiccups, Respiratory illness etc. Method of preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma is mentioned in Siddhayog sangraha and Bhaishyajya Samhita. Material and Methods: Mayurpiccha Bhasma was prepared by procedure mentioned in Siddhayog sangraha i.e. Peacock feathers are burn on ghee flame and finished product was subjected to various Physico-chemical analysis like Moisture content, Ash value, Chemical components etc. Observations: Observations were noted while testing of finish product. Result and Conclusion: Various observations and reports of tests were noted

Dr. Baban Rathod

Dr. Dipalee Thakur

Dr. Gangaprasad Asore

English

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)

                                                      ORIGINAL ARTICLE Nov-Dec 2020  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec  2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 6 116  Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma - An Ayurvedic preparation Dr. Gangaprasad Asore1, Dr. Baban Rathod2, Dr. Dipalee Thakur3 1HOD & Associate Professor, 2Professor, 3Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, APM’s Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, INDIA.                INTRODUCTION Ayurveda is a holistic and one of the oldest branches of medicine that imparts complete knowledge about one’s health. In Ayurveda, Acharya has mentioned Chikitsa Chatushpada i.e. four pillars of treatment which are Bhishak, Dravya, Upasthata and Rogi. Ayurvedic Kalpa comes under Dravya part of Chikitsa Chatushpada. Dravya is one of the important part of Chikitsa Chatushpada. All medicine (Kalpa) should be authentically prepared and analysed before using it in treatment.  Mayurpiccha Bhasma is a classical Ayurvedic preparation  (Kalpa)  which is  prepared from  peacock Address for correspondence:  Dr. Dipalee Thakur Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, APM’s Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, INDIA. E-mail: dipalee_94@rediffmail.com  Submission Date: 17/11/2020 Accepted Date: 20/12/2020 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in  DOI: 10.21760/jaims.5.6.16 feathers. It is commonly used for treatment of Vomiting, Hiccups, Respiratory illness etc.[1] Peacock feathers contain melanin, which gives them brown colour. Chemically peacock feather contain manganese, iron, zinc, copper etc. In classical text i.e. Bhaishajya Samhita and Siddhayog Sangraha methods of preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma are mentioned. According to Bhaishajya Samhita it is prepared from giving four Gajaputa,[2] and according to Siddhayog Sangraha it is prepare by burning the peacock feathers on ghee flame.[3] This is an attempt to prepare Mayurpiccha Bhasma as per procedure mentioned in Siddhayog Sangraha and to analyse its physico-chemical standards. AIM AND OBJECTIVES 1. To prepare Mayurpiccha Bhasma as per the procedure mentioned in Siddhayog sangraha. 2. Physico- chemical analysis of Mayurpiccha Bhasma. MATERIALS AND METHODS It contains mainly 2 parts; A) Preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma B) Physico-Chemical Analysis of Mayurpiccha Bhasma A B S T R A C T  Background: Mayurpiccha Bhasma is a classical Ayurvedic kalpa prepare from peacock feathers, which is commonly used for treatment of Vomiting, Hiccups, Respiratory illness etc. Method of preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma is mentioned in Siddhayog sangraha and Bhaishyajya Samhita. Material and Methods: Mayurpiccha Bhasma was prepared by procedure mentioned in Siddhayog sangraha i.e. Peacock feathers are burn on ghee flame and finished product was subjected to various Physico-chemical analysis like Moisture content, Ash value, Chemical components etc. Observations: Observations were noted while testing of finish product. Result and Conclusion: Various observations and reports of tests were noted. Key words: Mayurpiccha Bhasma, Physico- chemical Analysis, Siddhayog sangraha. Dr. Gangaprasad Asore et al. Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma ISSN: 2456-3110                                                   ORIGINAL ARTICLE Nov-Dec 2020  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec  2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 6 117  A) Preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma 1. Collection of Raw material a) Peacock feathers, ghee collected from local market. b) Authentication of Raw material done by the experts from department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Drvayaguna. 2. Raw material  a) Peacock feathers b) Ghee 3. Method of preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma Mayurpiccha Bhasma was prepared as per the procedure mentioned in Siddhayog Sangraha, Vamanadhikar (pg.no.45) a) Peacock feathers were cut into pieces and burnt on ghee flame. b) Calx obtained was triturated in Khalvayantra until it becomes fine black powder form. c) Mayurpiccha Bhasma was kept in air tight container. B) Physico-Chemical Analysis  Black colour powder of Mayurpiccha Bhasma was subjected to various Physico-chemical tests [4] like; a) Organoleptic test b) Inorganic elements (XRF) c) Total Ash d) Acid insoluble ash e) Water insoluble ash f) Moisture content g) Curd test a) Organoleptic test  Sparsha (touch), Roopa (colour), Rasa (taste), Gandha (smell) of the finish product were observed. b) Inorganic elements[5]  Inorganic elements in the form of oxides like Calcium, Iron, Zinc, and Copper were observed through XRF. c) Total Ash  Procedure - 5 gm Sample is weighed and kept in a silicon crucible. This crucible is kept on wire gauze and heated on a gas stove. It starts emitting fumes and heating is continued until fumes subside. Then this crucible is kept in muffle furnace equidistant from four walls and temperature is gradually raised up to 450°C for 6 hours. After complete incineration and after self-cooling, Then the total ash is calculated in terms of percentage (%w/w).  Percentage value of total ash content = (Weight of ash obtained/Weight of sample taken) X 100 d) Acid insoluble ash  Procedure - Above prepared ash is washed into a 100 ml beaker using 25 ml. of dilute hydrochloric acid. Above preparation is boiled for 5 minutes. Contents are filtered through an ash less filter paper; residue is washed twice with hot water. Filter paper is placed in a silica crucible and incinerated by gradually increasing the heat in a muffle furnace at 450°C for some hours. After complete incineration and after self-cooling, crucible is taken out and kept in a desiccator. The weight of ash with silica crucible is noted. Then the acid insoluble ash is calculated in terms of percentage (%w/w).  Percentage value of acid insoluble ash = (Weight of ash remained in Crucible/Weight of sample taken) X 100 e) Water soluble ash  Procedure - The method up to preparation of ash is same as above, instead of 25 ml HCl; 25 ml of distilled water must be used. The weight of ash with silica crucible is noted. Then the loss of ash in water is calculated and water soluble ash value is quantified in terms of percentage (% w/w).  Percentage value of water soluble ash = (Weight of ash dissolved in water/Weight of sample taken) X 100 f) Moisture content  Procedure - 5 gm sample is weighed and kept in a porcelain crucible. Hot air oven thermostat is adjusted to 105°C and left for certain time to get stabilized at Dr. Gangaprasad Asore et al. Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma ISSN: 2456-3110                                                   ORIGINAL ARTICLE Nov-Dec 2020  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec  2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 6 118  that temperature. Porcelain crucible with sample is kept on oven tray with equidistant from four walls of oven. Sample is dried for one hour. Porcelain crucible is taken out and kept in desiccator to prevent any moisture absorption. After self-cooling porcelain crucible with sample is weighed to calculate the loss of weight on drying. The percentage content of moisture value is calculated in percentage (%w/w). Percentage Value of Moisture content = (Weight of sample obtained/Weight of sample taken) X 100  g) Curd test Mayurpiccha Bhasma sprinkled on curd and colour change in curd is observed. OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS It has 2 types of observations; ▪ Pharmaceutical observations ▪ Analytical observations A) Pharmaceutical observations Observations while preparation of Mayurpiccha Bhasma is noted here. Table 1: Shows pharmaceutical observations while preparation on Mayurpiccha Bhasma Weight of raw material (Peacock feather) 600 gm Temperature acquired during procedure ~ 1800 C Time required 50 min Weight of finish product (Mayurpiccha Bhasma) 270 gm B) Analytical observations a) Organoleptic characters Table 2: Shows Organoleptic characters of Mayurpiccha Bhasma Organoleptic characters Observation Sparsha (Touch) Soft (Shlakshna) Roopa (Colour) Black powder form Rasa (Taste) Tasteless Gandha (Smell) Unpleasant b)   Inorganic elements - (XRF Analysis) Table 3: Shows Inorganic elements present in Mayurpiccha Bhasma (XRF Analysis) Content Oxide content Mass % CaO 34.000 24.298 SO3 29.300 11.735 Fe2O3 11.800 8.253 SiO2 10.400 4.861 Al2O3 3.770 1.995 ZnO 3.400 2.732 Cl 2.770 2.770 K2O 2.360 1.959 TiO2 1.070 0.641 CuO 0.469 0.375 MnO 0.408 0.316 Br 0.224 0.224 O2  39.841 c)   Physico-chemical analysis Table 4: Shows Physico-chemical characteristics of Mayurpiccha Bhasma Parameters Results % of Total ash 32% w/w % of Acid insoluble ash 4% w/w % of Water soluble ash 10% w/w Moisture content (%) 4 % d) Curd test Mayurpiccha Bhasma sprinkled on curd. No colour change in curd is observed. Dr. Gangaprasad Asore et al. Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma ISSN: 2456-3110                                                   ORIGINAL ARTICLE Nov-Dec 2020  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec  2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 6 119  CONCLUSION From 600gm of peacock feathers 270gm of Mayurpiccha Bhasma was produced with the procedure mentioned in Siddhayog sangraha. Mayurpiccha Bhasma was found to be black coloured, fine powder with unpleasant smell and tasteless. Quantitative estimation of inorganic elements was carried out by XRF studies. The sample contains CaO, SO3, Fe2O3, SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO, Cl, K2O, TiO2, CuO, MnO, Br, O2 (Table 3).   The physico-chemical analysis was carried out for the Mayurpiccha Bhasma and observations are presented in Table 4. The result obtained could be immense useful in laying down the pharmacopoeial standards of Mayurpiccha Bhasma. REFERENCES 1. Lakshmipati Shastri. Chardinidhanam. In: Brahmashankar S, editor. Yoga Ratnakar. Purvardha. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Samsthana; 2004. p. 453.  2. Bhasma Prakarana. 1st ed. Ahmadabad: Ministry of Health Gujarat; 1966. Bhaishajya Samhita (Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia) p. 391. 3. Yadavaji TA. Siddhayoga sangraha. 13th ed. Allahabad: Byaidyanatha Ayurveda Bhavan Limited; 2008. Vamanaadhikara; p. 45.  4. Chemical tests and assay appendix-3. 1st ed. 1 and 2. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India; 1985. Indian Pharmacopeia; p. A-74. A-118.  5. John HB. Essential and Trace Ions; 1st ed. Bombay: Varganesh Publishing House; 1986. pp. 213–40. 277.       *******************************  How to cite this article: Dr. Gangaprasad Asore, Dr. Baban Rathod, Dr. Dipalee Thakur. Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma - An Ayurvedic preparation. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2020;6:116-119. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.5.6.16  Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  

Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma - An Ayurvedic preparation

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Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Mayurpiccha Bhasma - An Ayurvedic preparation

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