Arif, Faiza, BA

Aziz, Ali S, BS

Batchelor, Timothy

Casey, Edward

Crowley, Lauren, BA

Doherty, Theodore, DO

Greco, Natalie M, MD

Greenberg, Marna R, DO, MPH, FACEP

Kruklitis, Robert, MD

Miller, Andrew H F, DO

Yee, Stephanie Z, BS

English

Lehigh Valley Health Network: LVHN Scholarly Works

Lehigh Valley Health Network LVHN Scholarly Works USF-LVHN SELECT Sex Differences in Response to Smoking Cessation Resources Offered in the Emergency Department (ED) Stephanie Z. Yee BS Marna R. Greenberg DO, MPH, FACEP Natalie M. Greco MD Timothy Batchelor Andrew H F Miller DO See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlyworks.lvhn.org/select-program  Part of the Medical Education Commons This Poster is brought to you for free and open access by LVHN Scholarly Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in LVHN Scholarly Works by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact LibraryServices@lvhn.org. Authors Stephanie Z. Yee BS; Marna R. Greenberg DO, MPH, FACEP; Natalie M. Greco MD; Timothy Batchelor; Andrew H F Miller DO; Theodore Doherty DO; Ali S. Aziz BS; Faiza Arif BA; Lauren Crowley BA; Edward Casey; and Robert Kruklitis MD © 2018 Lehigh Valley Health NetworkLehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PennsylvaniaIn our subanalysis, women more often sought out support systems than men did (attending more referral appointments than their male counterparts), but proportionally more men attempted to and were able to decrease smoking. Additionally, most women did not use their referrals because they decided against it or they were not ready/interested in going to begin with. Contrastingly, most men did not use their referrals because they were busy/working or they decided against it. The breakdown of motivations and obstacles towards smoking cessation between sexes will help individualize future efforts of smoking cessation when approaching each sex. Aimed at smoking cessation, our project worked directly to improve VBPCC by giving patients different options for smoking cessation. We utilized motivational interviewing and hoped to increase their quality of life while also respecting their autonomy. We also addressed the health systems subsection of access by removing the necessity for the patient to find a PCP or tobacco treatment program to address smoking cessation and/or obtain a prescription for smoking cessation aids. This study was limited by biases inherent in self-reporting and by lack of statistical analyses. Further studies including statistical analysis would greatly strengthen interpretation of results. Sex Differences in Response to Smoking Cessation Resources Offered in the Emergency Department (ED)Of 80 subjects who responded at 3 month follow-up, 39 (48.8%) were male and 41 (51.3%) were female. More men than women reported following prescription therapy. More women than men reported participating in follow-up referrals More men than women reported smoking within 7 days before follow-up. More men than women attempted to quit smoking. Results summarized in Table 1.The men’s top 5 reasons for not using their referrals were: being busy or working N (39.1%), deciding not to go N (21.7%), being uninterested in going N (17.4%), forgetting or not knowing to go N (17.4%), and not going due to medical reasons N (13.0%). The women’s top 5 reasons for not using their referrals were: deciding not to go N (36.8%), being not ready or uninterested in going N (31.6%), being busy N (21.1%), not listing a reason N (15.8%), and forgetting or not knowing to go N (10.5%).A prospective study in a standardized smoking cessation (SC) intervention was undertaken in the ED. Inclusion criteria included: currently smokes tobacco, English speaking, ≥18 years old, discharged after their ED visit, able to participate in phone follow-up, and not critically ill, incapacitated, incarcerated, or pregnant. ED physicians provided motivational interviewing, in addition to prescription(s) for SC-related medications and referral(s) for follow-up with a tobacco treatment program and/or PCP. Patients were able to “opt-out” at any level. This project is a subanalysis consisting of a follow-up at 3 months that included a standardized questionnaire revealing: if subjects smoked cigarettes within the past 7 days and how much, whether or not they utilized the smoking cessation resources provided, and if they had not utilized the resources, why. Simple percentage analysis was undertaken to compare rates of resource utilization and reasons for lack thereof between the two sexes.Stephanie Z Yee, Marna R Greenberg, Natalie M Greco, Timothy J Batchelor, Andrew H F Miller, Theodore Doherty, Ali S Aziz, Faiza Arif, Lauren M Crowley, Edward W Casey, Robert J KruklitisProblem StatementTobacco use is the #1 most preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the US. Each year, over 480,000 people die prematurely from smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke and another 16 million live with a serious illness caused by smoking. Those who smoke have a decreased life expectancy of at least 10 years compared to non-smoking Americans. The overall economic burden to the healthcare system is over $300 billion dollars each year. Over $156 billion is lost in productivity due to firsthand smoking, and $5.6 billion to secondhand smoke exposure. Additionally, there have been limited studies investigating the efficacy of motivational interviewing on smoking cessation. One study showed that women were more likely to utilize nicotine patches, varenicline, and Smokers' Helpline than men. Another focused on the idea of operant conditioning and demonstrated a stronger link between contingency management and self-efficacy in women than in men in the context of smoking cessation.We seek to determine the differences, if any, between the follow through of smoking cessation in men vs. women to determine how each processes information and reacts to different forms of help.Table 1. Sex-Specific Outcomes

Sex Differences in Response to Smoking Cessation Resources Offered in the Emergency Department (ED)

https://scholarlyworks.lvhn.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1364&context=select-program

Sex Differences in Response to Smoking Cessation Resources Offered in the Emergency Department (ED)

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