The state of Bahia has a great variety of tropical ecosystems, that harbour several interesting fungal species. Collections of gasteromycete specimens made from May/2005 to December/2006, in remnants of Atlantic  Rain Forest, revealed interesting data. Six species of gasteromycetes, belonging to the families Geastraceae (Geastrum fimbriatum, G. hieronymi, G. lageniforme, G. saccatum and G. schweinitzii) and Nidulariaceae (Cyathus montagnei), were identified. All the species are new records from Bahia. Geastrum hieronymi is reported for the second time from Brazil and G. lageniforme is a new record from Northeastern Brazil

Baseia, Iuri Goulart

Bezerra, José Luiz

Bezerra, Kátia Maria Trindade

Trierveiler-Pereira, Larissa

English

Archives of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine UFRGS

R. bras. Bioci., Porto Alegre, v. 7, n. 3, p. 316-319, jul./set. 2009SHORT COMMUNICATIONRevista Brasileira de BiociênciasBrazilian Journal of Bioscienceshttp://www.ufrgs.br/seerbio/ojs ISSN 1980-4849 (on-line) / 1679-2343 (print)First records of Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae(Basidiomycota, Fungi) from Bahia, Northeastern BrazilABSTRACT: (First records of Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae (Basidiomycota, Fungi) from Bahia, Northeastern Brazil). The state of Bahia has a great variety of tropical ecosystems, that harbour several interesting fungal species. Collections of gasteromycete specimens made from May/2005 to April/2008, in remnants of Atlantic Rain Forest, revealed interesting data. Six species of gasteromycetes, belonging to the families Geastraceae (Geastrum fimbriatum, G. hieronymi, G. lageniforme, G. saccatum and G. schweinitzii) and Nidulariaceae (Cyathus montagnei), were identified. All the species are new records from Bahia. Geastrum hieronymi is reported for the second time from Brazil and G. lageniforme is a new record from Northeastern Brazil.Key words: gasteroid fungi,  earthstars fungi,  bird’s nest fungi,  fungal taxonomy.RESUMO: (Primeiros registros de Geastraceae e Nidulariaceae (Basidiomycota, Fungi) para o estado da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil). O estado da Bahia possui uma grande variedade de ecossistemas tropicais que certamente abriga diversas espécies interessantes de fungos. Coletas de gasteromicetos feitas de maio/2005 a abril/2008, em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica, revelaram dados interessantes. Seis espécies de gasteromicetos, pertencentes às famílias Geastraceae (Geastrum fimbriatum, G. hieronymi, G. lageniforme, G. saccatum e G. schweinitzii) e Nidulariaceae (Cyathus montagnei), foram identificadas. Todas as espécies são novos registros para a Bahia. Geastrum hieronymi é reportado pela segunda vez para o Brazil e G. lageniforme é novo registro para o Nordeste.Palavras-chave: fungos gasteróides,  fungos “estrelas-da-terra”,  fungos “ninhos-de-pássaro”, taxonomia de fungos.Larissa Trierveiler-Pereira1*, Kátia Maria Trindade Bezerra2 José Luiz Bezerra2 and Iuri Goulart Baseia31. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Depto. de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Campus Univer-sitário, CEP 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil.2. CEPLAC/CEPEC. Rodovia Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 22, Itabuna, BA, Brazil.3. Depto. de Botânica, Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Campus Universitário, CEP 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.  * Author for correspondence. E-mail: lt_pereira@yahoo.com.brReceived: January 30 2009          Received after revision: May 04 2009         Accepted: May 27 2009Available online: http://www.ufrgs.br/seerbio/ojs/index.php/rbb/article/view/1155INTRODUCTIONKnowledge of gasteroid fungi in Northeastern Brazil has increased since the beginning of the XXI century, with the publications of interesting data (Baseia et al. 2003a, Baseia & Milanez 2003b, Baseia & Calonge 2005, 2006, Leite & Baseia 2007, Leite et al. 2007, Fazolino et al. 2008, Gurgel et al. 2008). The states with the most known gasteroid mycobiota are: Pernambuco (35 species), Rio Grande do Norte (14 species) and Paraíba (8 species). Additionally, there are also records of gasteromycetes from the states of Ceará and Bahia, both with 2 species, and the state of Alagoas, with 1 species (Trierveiler-Pereira & Baseia 2009).The state of Bahia, located in Northeastern Brazil, has an area of 567.295 sq. km and has an extraordinary variety of tropical ecosystems, harbouring several interesting fungal species (Góes-Neto 1999). Most of the knowledge of macroscopic basidiomycetes in this state was obtained from mycological studies conducted by Torrend (Torrend 1920a, 1920b, 1935) and Góes-Neto (Góes-Neto 1996, 1999, Góes-Neto et al. 2000), especially on polyporoid fungi.Reports of gasteromycetes from Bahia are very scarce and the specimens belong to the genus Scleroderma Pers. Guzmán (1970) and Goés-Neto (1996) reported Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.) Pers., and recently Gurgel et al. (2008) recorded Scleroderma nitidum Berk. from the city of Senhor do Bonfim. The state of Bahia covers a vast area where natural ecosystems are threatened by disorderly human progress. Studies on fungi taxonomy and diversity must be conducted to gather information on the species present in these ecosystems before they become extinct. With the aim to improve the knowledge of gasteroid fungi in Bahia, we present in this paper the results of our investigations on Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae.MATERIAL AND METHODSCollections of specimens were made from May/2005 to April/2008, in the Atlantic Rain Forest at different stages of preservation in the state of Bahia, Brazil.Dried material was prepared for examination under light microscopy by removing small sections of the peridium and gleba from the basidiomata and soaking them in Melzer’s iodine reagent or 3% KOH. Macro and microscopic characteristics were examined following traditional techniques used in taxonomic studies of gasteroid fungi (Miller & Miller 1988). Taxonomic 317First records of Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae from BahiaR. bras. Bioci., Porto Alegre, v. 7, n. 3, p. 316-319, jul./set. 2009position and author names followed the database Index Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp). Exsiccates of examined material are preserved in the mycological collection of the CEPEC Herbarium.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONA total of six species have been identified, belonging to the families Geastraceae (5 species) and Nidulariaceae (1 species). All species identified in this study are new records from the state of Bahia. Geastrum hieronymi is reported for the second time from Brazil and G. lageniforme is a new record from Northeastern Brazil. Geastrum schweinitzii is the most abundant species and the same pattern has been observed in other remnants of Atlantic Rain Forest in Northeastern Brazil. Distribution in Brazil and taxonomic remarks were included for each species. Species are listed alphabetically within each family.Geastraceae Corda 18421. Geastrum fimbriatum Fr., Syst. Mycol. 3: 16, 1829.   Description: Ponce de León (1968), Leite et al. (2007).Distribution in Brazil: States of Rio Grande do Sul (Rick 1961), Rio de Janeiro (Berkeley & Cooke 1876) and Pernambuco (Leite et al. 2007).Specimen examined: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Uruçuca, 18 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 840 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1376).Taxonomic remarks: Geastrum fimbriatum is characterized by light-colored exoperidium, dark-colored and sessile endoperdium, fibrillose mouth and peristome not delimited and usually concolor with endoperidium (Leite et al. 2007). The species is close to G. saccatum, but the latter shows a whitish peristome delimited by a groove (Baseia et al. 2003b).2. Geastrum hieronymi Henn., Hedw. 36: 211, 1897. Fig. 1aDescription: Ponce de León (1968), Leite et al. (2007).Distribution in Brazil: State of Pernambuco (Leite et al. 2007).Specimens examined: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Ilhéus, Matinha CEPEC, 12 May 2005, J.L. Bezerra 841 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1377); ibid, 06 June 2006, J.L. Bezerra 843 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1379); Jussari, RPPN Serra do Teimoso, 16 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 842 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1378).Taxonomic remarks: The species was first reported from Brazil by Ponce de León (1968), but the collection site was not mentioned in the article. Leite et al. (2007) reported the species for the first time from Northeastern Brazil. According to these authors, Geastrum hieronymi is recognized by the following characters: exoperidium arched, dark-colored and short pedicellate endoperidium, short and narrow stalk, fibrillose mouth and peristome not delimited.3. Geastrum lageniforme Vitt., Monogr. Lycoperd: 16, 1842. Fig. 1bDescription: Soto & Wright (2000), Sunhede (1989).Distribution in Brazil: States of Rio Grande do Sul (Rick 1961) and Rio de Janeiro (Hennings l904a).Specimens examined: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Jussari, RPPN Serra do Teimoso, 24 May 2005, J.L. Bezerra 844 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1380); ibid, 16 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 845 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1381); Uruçuca, EMARC, 18 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 846 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1382).Taxonomic remarks: Ponce de León (1968) considered Geastrum lageniforme a synonym of Geastrum indicum (Klotzsch) R. Rauschert. However, others such as Sunhede (1989), Calonge (1999) and Soto & Wright (2000) kept the species separate. Geastrum lageniforme resembles G. saccatum but the former has longitudinal ridges in the mycelial layer and its rays are longer and more slender. Sunhede (1989) reported that the two species can be separated microscopically, since G. lageniforme has slightly smaller basidiospores and thin-walled clamped hyphae in the outer mycelial layer. The same author also presents a table comparing the main differences between Geastrum lageniforme, G. triplex and G. morganii Lloyd.4. Geastrum saccatum Fr., Syst. Mycol. 3: 16, 1829.Description: Ponce de León (1968), Leite & Baseia (2007). Distribution in Brazil: States of Rio Grande do Sul (Rick 1961, Baseia et al. 2003), Paraná (de Meijer 2006), São Paulo (Baseia et al. 2003b), Pernambuco (Baseia et al. 2003b), Paraíba (Baseia et al. 2003), Rio Grande do Norte (Leite & Baseia 2007) and Amazonas (Hennings 1904b).Specimens examined: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Ilhéus, Matinha CEPEC, 12 May 2005, J.L. Bezerra 847 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1383); ibid, J.L. Bezerra 849 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1385); Buerarema, Fazenda Conjunto Camacan, 10 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 848 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1384); São José da Vitória, Fazenda Vale Feliz, 11 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 850 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1386).Taxonomic remarks: The species is close to G. fimbriatum and G. lageniforme (see discussions above). Geastrum saccatum also resembles G. triplex, but the later usually has larger basidiomata and a prominent pseudo-parenchymatous collar around the endoperidial body (Battes 2004). 5. Geastrum schweinitzii (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Zeller, Mycotaxon 40: 649, 1948.≡ Coilomyces schweinitzii Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. 2(2): 297, 1853.Description: Ponce de León (1968), Baseia et al. (2003).318 Trierveiler-Pereira et al.R. bras. Bioci., Porto Alegre, v. 7, n. 3, p. 316-319, jul./set. 2009May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 856 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1392); Ilhéus, Matinha CEPEC, 06 June 2006, J.L. Bezerra 854 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1390); ibid, RPPN Mãe-da-Mata, 19 December 2006, J.L. Bezerra 855 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1391).Taxonomic remarks: The species can be recognized by its light-color and small basidiomata (usually up to 2.0 cm diam.), fibrillose mouth and delimited peristome, caespitose habit and growing on a whitish subiculum (Baseia et al. 2003). Geastrum schweinitzii can be found on rotting wood and dead leaves in the litter fall.Distribution in Brazil: States of Rio Grande do Sul (Rick 1961, Baseia et al. 2003, Cortez et al. 2008), São Paulo (Baseia et al. 2003b), Alagoas (Baseia et al. 2003), Pernambuco (Baseia et al. 2003b, Leite & Baseia 2007) and Paraíba (Baseia et al. 2003).Specimens examined: BRAZIL. BAHIA: Ilhéus, Matinha CEPEC, 12 May 2005, J.L. Bezerra 851 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1387); ibid, J.L. Bezerra 852 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1388); Buerarema, Fazenda Conjunto Camacan, 10 May 2006, J.L. Bezerra 853 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1389); Uruçuca, EMARC, 18 Key to the species of Geastrum reported from Bahia1. Basidiomata up to 2.0 cm diam. when mature; growing on wood, forming a white subiculum ............................................................................................................................................................Geastrum schweinitzii1’. Basidiomata larger; not growing on wood, neither forming a white subiculum ...................................................22. Exoperidium arched; endoperidium short pedicellated ..............................................................G. hieronymi2’. Exoperidium saccate, endoperidium sessile 33. Peristome not delimited ..................................................................................................................... G. fimbriatum3’. Peristome delimited ............................................................................................................................................ 44. Mycelial layer with longitudinal ridges; outer mycelial layer with thin-walled clamped hyphae; basidiospores 4.5-5 µm diam. (including ornamentation) .......................................................................................... G. lageniforme4’. Mycelial layer without longitudinal ridges; outer mycelial layer with simple-septate hyphae; basidiospores 4.5-6 µm diam. (including ornamentation) ............................................................................................. G. saccatumNidulariaceae Dumort. 18226. Cyathus montagnei Tul. & C. Tul., Ann. Nat. 1: 70, 1844.Description: Brodie (1975), Baseia & Milanez (2003a).Distribution in Brazil: States of Rio Grande do Sul (Rick 1961), Paraná (de Meijer 2006), Rio de Janeiro (Brodie 1975) and São Paulo (Baseia & Milanez 2003a).Specimen examined: BRASIL. BAHIA: Wenceslau Guimarães, Reserva Ecológica de Wenceslau Guimarães, 16 April 2008, J. Pereira 06 (CEPEC, mycol. col. 1393).Taxonomic remarks: For a long time the species was only known to occur in Brazil, but it seems to be very common in tropical areas (Brodie 1975). Cyathus montagnei is recognized by its striate basidiome (externally and internally), very dark brown exoperidium, silvery endoperidium, large peridioles (up to 2.5 cm in diam.) and ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 18-22 μm long (Brodie 1977). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe would like to thank José Ronaldo Monteiro, Vinícius Reis Figueiredo, Dayse Miranda de Andrade and Jadergudson Pereira who helped during the field collections. We are also indebted to CEPLAC, CNPq and FABESP for financial support.Figure 1. Geastrum dried basidiomata. A. G. hieronymi. B. G. lageniforme. Scale bars = 1 cm.A B319First records of Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae from BahiaR. bras. Bioci., Porto Alegre, v. 7, n. 3, p. 316-319, jul./set. 2009REFERENCESBASEIA, I.G. & CALONGE, F.D. 2005. Aseroë floriformis, a new phalloid with a sunflower-shaped receptacle. Mycotaxon, 91: 169-172.BASEIA, I.G. & CALONGE, F.D. 2006. Geastrum hirsutum: a new earthstar fungus with a hairy exoperidium. Mycotaxon, 95: 301-304.BASEIA, I.G., CAVALCANTI, M.A.Q. & MILANEZ, A.I. 2003b. Additions to our knowledge of the genus Geastrum (Phallales: Geastraceae) in Brazil. Mycotaxon, 85: 409-416.BASEIA, I.G., GIBERTONI, T.B. & MAIA, L.C. 2003a. Phallus pygmaeus, a minute species from a Brazilian tropical rain forest. Mycotaxon, 85: 77-80.BASEIA, I.G. & MILANEZ, A.I. 2003a. Cyathus (Gasteromycetes) in areas of the Brazilian cerrado region, São Paulo State. Mycotaxon, 80: 493-502.BASEIA, I.G. & MILANEZ, A.I. 2003b. Geastrum setiferum (Gasteromycetes): a new species with a setose endoperidium. Mycotaxon, 84: 135-140.BATTES, S.T. 2004. Arizona members of the Geastraceae and Lycoperdaceae (Basidiomycota, Fungi). Master Thesis, Arizona State University, U.S.A.BERKELEY, M.J. & COOKE, M.C. 1876. The fungi of Brazil, including those collected by J.W.H. Trail, Esq. M.A. in 1874. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany, 15: 363-398.BRODIE, H.J. 1975. The bird’s nest fungi. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 216 p.BRODIE, H.J. 1977. A key to the species of Cyathus. Botaniska Notiser., 130: 453-459.CALONGE, F.D. 1999. Setas de Madrid (y alrededores). 2. Gasteromycetes. Madrid: Sociedad Micológica de Madrid. 159 p.CORTEZ, V.G., BASEIA, I.G. & SILVEIRA, R.M.B. 2008. Gasteromicetos (Basidiomycota) no Parque Estadual de Itapuã, Viamão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociências, 6(3): 291-299.DE MEIJER, A. A. R. 2006. Preliminary list of the macromycetes from the Brazilian State of Paraná. Boletim do Museu Botânico Municipal (Curitiba), 68: 1-59.FAZOLINO, E.P., CALONGE, F.D. & BASEIA, I.G. 2008. Geastrum entomophilum, a new earthstar with an unusual spore dispersal strategy. Mycotaxon, 104: 449-453.GÓES-NETO, A. 1996. Biodiversidade de mixomicetos e fungos macroscópicos da Reserva Biológica de Una e áreas adjacentes. Sitientibus, 15: 91-108.GÓES-NETO, A. 1999. Polypore diversity in the State of Bahia, Brazil: a historical review. Mycotaxon, 72:43-56.GÓES-NETO, A., LOGUERCIO-LEITE, C. & GUERRERO, R.T. 2000. Poroid Hymenochaetales in a seasonal tropical forest fragment in the State of Bahia, Brazil: taxonomy and qualitative ecological aspects. Mycotaxon, 76: 197-212.GURGEL, F.E., SILVA, B.D.B. & BASEIA, I.G. 2008. New records of   Scleroderma from Northeastern Brazil. Mycotaxon, 105: 399-405.GUZMÁN, G. 1970. Monografía del género Scleroderma Pers. emend. Fr. (Fungi-Basidiomycetes). Darwiniana, 16: 233-407.HENNINGS, P. l904a. Fungi fluminenses a cl. E. Ule collecti. Hedwigia, 43: 78-95.HENNINGS, P. 1904b. Fungi amazonici a. cl. Ernesto Ule collecti: 1.        Hedwigia, 43: 154-186.LEITE, A.G. & BASEIA, I.G. 2007. Novos registros de Geastraceae Corda para o Nordeste brasileiro. Sitientibus, S�rie Ciências Biol�gicas,   7: 178-183.LEITE, A.G., CALONGE, F.D. & BASEIA, I.G. 2007. Additional studies on Geastrum from Northeastern Brazil. Mycotaxon, 101: 103-111.MILLER JR., O.K. & MILLER, H.H. 1988. Gasteromycetes: Morphological and Development Features With Keys to Orders, Families, and Genera. Eureka: Mad River Press. 157 p.PONCE DE LEÓN, P. 1968. A revision of the Geastraceae. Fieldiana, Botany, 31: 303-349.RICK, J. 1961. Basidiomycetes Eubasidii no Rio Grande do Sul – Brasília 6. Iheringia, S�rie Botânica, 9: 451-480.SOTO, M. & WRIGHT, J. E. 2000. Taxonomía del género Geastrum (Basidiomycetes, Lycoperdales) en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica, 34: 185-201.SUNHEDE, S. 1989. Geastraceae (Basidiomycotina). Morphology, Ecology, and Systematics with special emphasis on the North European species. Synopsis Fungorum, 1: 1-534.TORREND, C. 1920a. Les Polyporacées du Brésil. Le genre Ganoderma. Brot�ria, Ser. Bot. 18(1): 23–42.TORREND, C. 1920b. Les Polyporacées du Brésil. Polyporacées stipitées. Brot�ria, Ser. Bot. 18(1): 121–142.TORREND, C. 1935. Les Polyporacées du Brésil.    Brot�ria, Ser. Bot. 31(3): 108–120.TRIERVEILER-PEREIRA, L. & BASEIA, I.G. 2009. A checklist of the    Brazilian gasteroid fungi (Basidiomycota). Mycotaxon, 108: 441–444. 

First records of Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae (Basidiomycota, Fungi) from Bahia, Northeastern Brazil

https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/rbrasbioci/article/download/114883/62164

First records of Geastraceae and Nidulariaceae (Basidiomycota, Fungi) from Bahia, Northeastern Brazil

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Archives of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine UFRGS