Ijtihad Umar Ibn Alkhattãb: Telaah Sosiohistoris Atas Pemikiran Hukum Islam

Abstract

Umar was the second Caliph of the khulafa al-Rosyidin after Abu Bakar al-Siddiq. He is known as an honest, assertive, and courageous caliph. his bravery is not only putting out in the battlefield through several expansions that have been done to several areas such as Persia, Syria, Africa and some other cities but he also dared to after Abu Bakar al-Siddiq. He is known as an honest, assertive, and courageous caliph. his bravery is not only putting out in the battlefield through several expansions that have been done to several areas such as Persia, Syria, Africa and some other cities but he also dared to do ijtihad in deciding a legal case often considered contrary to the concept of the Quran and Hadith. Some legal decisions such as the issue of ghanimah, thalak, converts, punishment hands cut off, and others are examples of ijtihad progressive that ever decided by Umar. The legal decision he did based on the situation and condition of society at that time. In addition, considering the illah and maslahah is the main consideration why Umar did the ijtihad. do ijtihad in deciding a legal case often considered contrary to the concept of the Quran and Hadith. Some legal decisions such as the issue of ghanimah, thalak, converts, punishment hands cut off, and others are examples of ijtihad progressive that ever decided by Umar. The legal decision he did based on the situation and condition of society at that time. In addition, considering the illah and maslahah is the main consideration why Umar did the ijtihad