Rhynocoris fuscipes effectively suppressed the infestation of Helicoverpa armigera, Nezara viridula and Riptortus clavatus in pigeonpea field cages. Reduced pod and flower damages were observed in R. fuscipes released field cages. R. fuscipes release significantly enhanced the yield of healthy pods (grains). Field observations suggested this predator\u27s pest suppression and grain damage reduction efficacy.Predator Rhynocoris fuscipes učinkovito je potisnuo zarazu vrstama Helicoverpa armigera, Nezara viridula i Riptortus clavatus u poljskim kavezima. Zapaženo je smanjenje šteta na mahunama i cvjetovima biljke kajan (Cajanus cajan) u kavezima u koje su ispušteni R. fuscipes. Prisutnost predatora signifikantno je povećala prirod zdravih mahuna i zrna. Poljski pokusi ukazuju na učinak predatora na smanjenje zaraze štetnicima i sniženje šteta

Ambrose, Dunston P.

Claver, M. Anto

English

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aEntomol. Croat. 2003, Vol. 7 Num. 1-2: 85 - 88.rssN 1330-6200UDC 595.754:595.'1 :632.937 (541.4)SUPPRESSION OF Helicoverpa armigera (HUBNER),Nezara viri.dula (L.) AND Riptortus clavatus THUNBERG INFESTINGPIGEONPEA BY THE REDUVIID PREDATOR Rhynocoris fuscipes (FAB-RICIUS) IN FIELD CAGESM. Anto CLAVER and Dunston P. AMBROSEEntomology Research Unit, St. Xaviers's College (Autonomotls),Palayankottai - 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India, E-rnail: tvl-sxcent@sancharnet.inAccePted: Decetnber, 15' 2003.Rhynocoris fuscipes effectively suppressed the infestation of Helicoverpa armig-era, Nezara viridula and Riptortus clavatus in pigeonpea field cages. Reduced podand flower damages were observed in R. fuscipes released field cages. R. fuscipesrelease significantly enhanced the yield of healthy pods (grains). Field observationssuggested this predator's pest suppression and grain damage reduction efficacy.Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Alydidae' Reduviidae,Cajanus cajanrpest insects, natural enemies' IndiaCLAVER, M. Anto, AMBROSE, D. P.: Grabežljiva stjenica Rlrynocoris fusci1:es(Fabricius) učinkovito potinula zaraženost mahuna Cajaruts cajan od štetnika Heli-coverpa armigera (H1bner), Nezara viridula (L.) i Riptottus clavatus Thunberg ukavezima u polju. Entomology Research Unit, St. Xaviers's College (Autonomous),Palayankottai - 62'1 002, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mail: tvl-sxcent@sancharnet.itr - En-tornol. Croat. 2003. Vol. 7. Nurn. 1-2: 85 - 88.Predator Rhynocoris fusclpes učinkovito je potisnuo Zarazu vrstama Helicoverpaarmigera, Nezara viridula i Riptortus clavatus u poljskim kavezinra' Zapaženo jesmanjenje šteta na mahunama i cvjetovima biljke kajan (Cajanus cajan) u kavezimau koje su ispušteni R. fuscipes. Prisutnost predatora signifikantrro je povećala prirodzdravih mahuna i zrna. Poljski pokusi ukazuju na učinak predatora na smanjenjezaraze štetnicima i sniženje šteta.Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Alydidae, Reduviidae'C aj atlus c aj an, štetnici, predatori' Indij aIntroductionRhynocoris ft$cipes (F.) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) is documented as an importantpredator of several pests of pigeonpea in India (SHANOWER et a1.' 1999). For suc-cessful establishment of an insect predator, it is necessary to evaluate its biocontrolpotential under semifield / field situations. R. fuscipes positively responded to the85alEntomol. Croat. 2003' Vol. 7 Num' l-2: 85 - 88'cLAvER, M. A., AMBROSE, D. P.: suppression pest insects. by Rlrynocoris fr'rscipes ...changing abundance of prey and exhibited Holling's second model of functional anclnumJrical responses (AMBRoSE and CLAVER, t997)' This p'edator will require in-formation on field release practices to utilize it in Integrated Pest Management pro-gramme against the gram pod borer and the bean bugs in pigeonpea (SHANOWER etit., tggg; AMBR6SE and CLAVER 2001). Hence, an attempt was mađe to evaluatethe biocontrol potential of R. fuscipe.s against the gram pod borer, Helicoverpa annig'era (Htibner), bean bugs Nezara viriclula (L.) and Riptortus clavatus Thunberg inpigeonpea field cages.Materials and MethodsInsect collection:The adults of R. fuscipe,r were collected from pigeonpea agroecosystem at Alen-gulam (77e41' E and 8e30' N) near Thirunelveli. They were reared (30 + 3'gC tempera-iure; 12 t t hr. photoperiod; iO t 570 relative humidity) in rearing containers (10 x 15cm) on rice moth larvae, corcyra cephalonica stainton as reported by AMBROSE andCLAVER (Igg't). Laboratory mass reared adults of R. fuscipes were used. Pest infestedflowers and pods were collected at Alengulam pigeonpea agroecoregion along withshoots for release into field cage plots.Cage design:Experiments were carried out from field cages (6 x 4 x 7.5 feet) coveređ with zincmesh screen (18 x 4 mesh) at Entomology Research unit experiment station, StXavier's College Campus, Palayankottai on pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh'Plants. were raised inside the cages in three rows of 10 plants' Insecticides were notused at any stage of plant growth. Plants were at pod forming stage when the experi-ment was initiated. Plants were infested with larvae of H. armigera anđ III nymphalinstar of both N. viridula and R. clavatus at the rate of two per plant in separate cages.Thus, on the 40th day after sowing there were seventy H. armigera, N. viridula and R'clavatus each per cage. Plants were infested by placing III instar H. armigera larvae onthe plant terminals using a fine brush and both III instar N. viridula and R. clavatusny11ptrr on the pods. Forty adult R. fuscipes were released into the experimental cagesmanually between rows. Cages infested with I/. armigera, N. viridula and R' clavatusbut without R. fuscipes served as control.Observation:After each release, the cages were checked and live.lL armigera, N. viridula, R'clavatus and predator R. fuscipes were counted every 3rd day on all plants by wholeplant search. Cannibalised and dead predators found during counting were replaced.Entomol. Croat. 2003, Vol. 7 Num. 1-2: g5 - gg.CLAVER, M. A., AMBROSE, D. P.: Suppression pesr insects. by Rhynocoris.fuscipes ...Suppression potential of R. fuscipes against H. armigera, N. viricJula and R.clavatus in experimental cages was evaluated by comparing the mortality data fromexperimental and control cages. The damage to pods was recorded by counting thetotal and bored pods. On maturation pods were harvested at an interval of two days.Damaged and healthy pods were weighed separately, and grain yield assessed in eachcage. Pest suppression, pod damage and grain yield in test cage plots were comparedwith that of control and the difference was statistically analysed using ANOVA.Results and DiscussionThe predator R. rufipes significantly suppressed H. armigera (16.3 and 31.9), N.viridula (l7.30 and 38.53) and R. clavatus (l9.2 anđ 34.1 for experimental and control,respectively) pigeonpea field cage plots (Table 1). Predation of H. armigere, N.viridula and R. clavatus observed was similar to the observation of RICHMAN et aI.(1980), SAHAYARAJ and AMBROSB (1977) and AMBROSE (2000) for reduviidsArilus cristantus (Linnaeus), Ectomocoris tibialis Distant anđ Rhynocoris kuriarii Am-brose and Livingstone against lepidopteran larvae and red cotton bug in small cottonand okra field cage plots, respectively.Table 1. H. armigera, R. clavatus and N. viridula controlby R. fuscipes inpest-infested pigeonpea cage plots (n= 3; X t SD)Treatrnent PesVcage plot Pod damage (%) Yeld (kg/ha)7O H.armigera + 40 R. fuscipes 16.3 + 2.54 a* 21.5 + 1.92 a 1104 + 20.84b70 H. armigera 31.9 + 3.18 b 48.3 + 5.35 b 442 + 34.41 a'70 R. clavatus + 40 R. fuscipes 19.2 + 2.93 a 14.5 + 1.4'l a 1045 r 18.50 b70Pt. clavatus 34.1 + 4.35 b 39.2t + 4.49 b 684 + 41.81 a70 N. viridula + 40 R. fuscipes t7.3 t 2.72 a 1836 r.3.49 a 1149.8 + 101.43 b'70 N. viridula 38.53 + 4.39 b 42.40 + 5.66b 743.4 t9',7.29 a* Means followed by the same alphabets in a column are not significantlydifferent (P = 0.05) by DMRTR. fuscipes significantly reduced the pod damage to pigeonpea plants feeding onH. armigera (21.5 and 48.3), N. viriclula (18.36 and 42.40) and R. clavatus (14.5 and39.2 for experiment and control, respectively) inside cages (Table 1). Similarly AM-BROSE (2000) reported that assassin bug protected the okra fruits, foliage and flowers86 87alEntomol. Croat. 2003, Vol' 7 Num' l-2: 85 - 88'CLAVER,M'A',AMBRoSE,D.P':Suppressionpestinsects.byRhytlocorisfuscipes.,.from H. armiSera and A' flava infestation in field cages. Moreover, GRUNDY andMAELZER (2000) reported that the release of three Pristhesancus plagipennis(Walker)(Hemiptera:Reduviidae)nymphspermeterofrowimprovedsoybeanpodrstention.R.fuscipesreleasesignificantlyenhancedtheyieldofhealthygrain.AMBRoSE(2000) reported that release of predatory reduviids increased the yield' Moreover, at igt ", number of the pests observed in the control plots might have led to a reductioninli"to. Although the results have clearly established the potential of R' .fuscipes infieid cages, augmentative release and subsequent monitoring of their synchronizationwith plant phenology are furtherly required for their effective recommendation in IPM'Efforts are also made to enhance the efficiency of mass production to make it eco-nomical, and to ensure timely and adequate supply'Entomol. Croat. 2003, Vol. 7 Num. 1-2: 89 - 109rssN 1330-6200UDK 0l 6:595.7 +632 ;t +632.96(497 .5)BIBLIOGRAFIJE BIBLIOGRAPHIESGRAĐA zA ENToMoLoŠKU BIBLIoGRAFIJU HRVATSKE 1gg7Bogomir MILOŠEVIĆKosorova 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska, e-mail: bogomir.milosevic@zg.htnet.hrPrihvaćeno: 15. 12. 2003.Čtanat ie četvrti prilog u projektu Hrvatskoga entomološkog društva za sastavljanjecjelovitog popisa znanstvenih i znanstveno populamih radova za entomološku bibliog-rafiju Hrvatske. Građa za razdoblje 1990 - 1996. objavljena je u Vol. 3(199'l) 1998' za1994. u Vol. 4(1998) 1999. i 1995 - 1996' u Vol. 5. 200l. ovaj popis sadži podatke o148 bibliografskih jedinica l44 autora i koautora iz opće i primijenjene errtomologije(sensu lato), uključivo stručne i znanstveno populame priloge. Članci iz područja humanei veterinarske entomologije nisu uključeni. Autori su hrvatski entomolozi i biolozi teinozemni stručnjaci s radovima relevantnim za entomofaunu Hrvatske. Nisu uvršteničlanci iz novina. Na kraju je popis korištenih časopisa.Entomologija, bibliografije, Hrvatska.MILoŠEVIĆ, B. 2003. Materials for the Entomological Bibliography of Cr'oatia1997. - Entomol. Croat. 2003, Vol.7. Num. 1 - 2:89 - 109.This paper is the fouth contribution within the Croatian Entomological Society'sProject of completing the bibliography of Scientific and Popular Scientific papers forthe Entomologocal Bibliography of Croatia. Materials for 1990 - 1993 were publish-ed in Vol. 3(1997) 1998, for 1994 in Vol. 4(1998) 1999; for 1995 - 1996 in Vol. 5.2001. In the present article, data are given on 148 bibliographic units by 144 authorsand co-authors on general and applied entomology (sensu lato), including profes-sional and popular scientific papers. Contributions from human and veterinary ento-mology are not included. The authors are Croatian entomologists and biologists andforeign specialists who have published papers relevant to Croatian entomofauna. Ar-ticles from newspapers are not included. The index ofjournals is added.Entomology, bibliographies, Croatia.UvodU prvom prilogu građe za entomološku bibliografiju Hrvatske objavljeni Su po-daci od 1990. do 1993. godine i važnije reference bibliografija do 1989. god.(rraII-oŠsvIĆ, 1998, Entomol. Croat. Vo1.3(1997) I998(I-2): 49 - 66). U drugom jeprilogu objavljena građa za 1994. god. (Entomol. Croat. Vol.4. (1998) 1999 (I-2): 8I -AcknowledgementsI thank Dr. Dunston P. AMBROSE, Director, Entomology Research Unit for theFacilities and Department of Science & Tećhnology' Govt' of India, New Delhi forfunding through rhe Young scientist Programme (No.HR/OY/Z-13198).ReferencesAMBROSE, D. p. 2000. Suppression of Helicoverpa armigera (H[bner) and Anomis flava (Fabricius) infest-ing okra by the reduviid predator Rhyttocoris kumaii Ambrose and Livingstone in fie'ld cages' PestManagement in Horticultural Ecosystem 6(1):32 - 35'AMBR6šE, D. P. and CLAyER, M. A. 1997. Functional and numerical response of the reduviid predator'Rhytrocoris fuscTes F. (Het., Reduviidae) to cotton leafworm spodoptera lintra F. (Lep.' Noctuidae)' J'Appl. Ent. 12|331 - 336.AMBilOSE, D. p. and CLAVER, M. A. 2001. survey of reduviid predators in pigeonpea agfo ecosysrems'Thiruneveli, Tamil Nadu' India, ICPN 8:44 - 45'GRUNDY, p. and MAELZER, D. 2000. Assessment of Pristhesancus plagiperutis (Walker) (Hemiptera:Reduviidae) as an augmenteđ biological control in cotton and soybean clops. Australian J' Ent' 39: 305 -309.RICHMAN, D. 8., HEMENWAY, R. C. Jr. and wHITCOMB, W. H. 1980. Field cage evaluation of preda-tors of thc soybean loopers, Pseutloplusta includents (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Envron' Entomol' 9: 315 -31.7.SAHAYARAJ, K. and AMBROSE, D. P. 1997. Field cage evaluation of predator, Ectomocoris tibictlis Dist.(Heteroptera: Reduviiclae) to control Dyscleras cingulatus Fabr. J. Ins. Sci. l0(1): 65 - 66'SHANOWER, T. G., ROMERS, J. and MINJA' E. M. 1999. Insect pests of pigeonpea and their manage-ment. Ann. Rev. Entomol., 44:1'l - 96.'iIIIII)l88 89

Grabežljiva stjenica Rhynocoris fuscipes (FABRICIUS) učinkovito potinula zaraženost mahuna Cajanus cajan od štetnika Helicoverpa armigera (HÜBNER), Nezara viridula (L.) i Riptortus clavatus Thunberg u kavezima u polju

Grabežljiva stjenica Rhynocoris fuscipes (FABRICIUS) učinkovito potinula zaraženost mahuna Cajanus cajan od štetnika Helicoverpa armigera (HÜBNER), Nezara viridula (L.) i Riptortus clavatus Thunberg u kavezima u polju

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