The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between High School Teachers’ Knowledge about Homosexuality and Their Supportive Behaviours towards Homosexual Students

Abstract

Cilj je istraživanja bio ispitati znanje srednjoškolskih nastavnika o homoseksualnoj orijentaciji te istražiti u kakvome su odnosu znanje, samoefikasnost u radu s homoseksualnim učenicima i čestina uključivanja u podržavajuća ponašanja. Ispitivanje je provedeno online, a sudjelovalo je 267 srednjoškolskih nastavnika. Korištene su Skala znanja o homoseksualnoj orijentaciji, Skala samoefikasnosti u radu s homoseksualnim učenicima i Skala podržavajućih ponašanja prema učenicima homoseksualne orijentacije. Rezultati pokazuju da nastavnici imaju umjereno znanje o homoseksualnoj orijentaciji te vrlo često odabiru odgovor Ne znam. Rijetko se uključuju u podržavajuća ponašanja prema homoseksualnim učenicima, a njihov je osjećaj samoefikasnosti u radu s njima umjeren. Pritom osjećaju viši stupanj sigurnosti u mogućnost nošenja sa situacijama nasilja na osnovi seksualne orijentacije nego u mogućnost poučavanja učenika o temi homoseksualnosti. Znanje i samoefikasnost u nošenju s nasiljem na osnovi seksualne orijentacije i samoefikasnost u poučavanju o homoseksualnoj orijentaciji značajno predviđaju čestinu uključivanja u podržavajuća ponašanja. Što nastavnici imaju veće znanje o homoseksualnosti, to se češće uključuju u podržavajuća ponašanja, a ta je veza posredovana većom samoefikasnošću u poučavanju o homoseksualnim temama, no ne i većom samoefikasnošću u nošenju s nasiljem. Takvi rezultati ukazuju na važnu ulogu znanja i samoefikasnosti u čestini uključivanja u podržavajuća ponašanja za homoseksualne učenike koji su tijekom srednje škole u vrlo ranjivoj fazi i potrebna im je socijalna podrška.The goal of this study was to examine high school teachers’ knowledge about homosexuality and determine if there is a relationship between said knowledge, self-efficacy and the frequency in which they support homosexual students. The study was conducted online, on 267 high-school teachers. We used the Knowledge of Homosexual Orientation Scale, the Self-efficacy in Working with Homosexual Students Scale and The Supportive Behaviours towards Homosexual Students Scale. The results show that high school teachers’ knowledge about homosexual orientation is moderate. They also frequently choose the “I don’t know” option instead of the wrong one. Furthermore, teachers rarely tend to involve themselves in supportive behaviours and their self-efficacy level is only moderate. Their self-efficacy in their ability to deal with situations of peer violence based on sexual orientation is greater than their feeling of confidence in teaching about homosexuality. Knowledge and both self-efficacy factors significantly predict the frequency of teachers’ tendency to involve themselves in supportive behaviours. Teachers with better knowledge about homosexuality are also more involved in supportive behaviours towards homosexual students, but that relationship is partly mediated by their greater self-efficacy in teaching about homosexuality and not by their confidence in dealing with situations of peer violence based on sexual orientation. Results show both knowledge and self-efficacy have an important role in the display of high school teachers’ supportive behaviours for homosexual students, who are very much in need of social support