Neuređena odlagališta otpada osnovni su problem zaštite okoliša u Hrvatskoj. U svezi navedenim, komunalni otpad i odlagališta kao Jakuševec prestavljaju za pojedine gradove iznimno velike troškove. Njihov utjecaj na okoliš je nepovoljan jer uzrokuje zagađenje voda, tla i zraka uz stalnu opasnost za zdravlje ljudi. Početak rješavanja problema započinje sanacijom neuređenih odlagališta otpada. Nakon toga potreban je zaokret u odnosu prema otpadu. Uspostava cjelovitog sustava gospodarenja otpadom sastavni je doprinos svih zakonskih mjera i propisa. U tom sustavu smanjuje se otpad i povećava uporaba, što donosi materijalnu i energetsku korist. Na razini grada Zagreba i cijele države, u današnjim okolnostima provedba sustava daje višestruku korist u ekološkom i gospodarskom pogledu. U radu je dan prikaz odlagališta otpada Jakuševec, koje je složeni difuzni izvor onečišćenja i veliki je problem u pogledu mogućeg štetnog utjecaja na sve elemente okoliša, te je sanacija svakako bila neophodna. Zaštita podzemnih voda i zaštita zraka glavni su razlozi za uređenje odlagališta. Odlagalište otpada Jakuševec-Prudinec služilo je kao odlagalište komunalnog, neopasnog i industrijskog otpada Grada Zagreba i njegove okolice. Nekontrolirano odlaganje otpada na području današnjeg odlagališta otpada započelo je 1965. godine, a 1995. godine prostor odlagališta zauzima 80 ha. U tom je razdoblju neprimjereno odloženo 4,5 milijuna m3otpada, a do 2000. godine volumen odloženog otpada iznosio je 8 milijuna m3. Sanacija neuređene deponije otpada u uređeno sanitarno odlagalište završena je krajem 2003. godine. Odlagalište Jakuševec-Prudinec je od 1965. godine do početka devedesetih godina prošloga stoljeća zauzelo i zagadilo gotovo milijun m3tla (zemljanog materijala) i ozbiljno ugrozilo kakvoću pitke podzemne vode. Ovim istraživanjem prikazan je utjecaj odlagališta na podzemne vode te postupno širenje zagađenja prema istoku, što je potvrđeno pomicanjem granične linije zagađenja od Jakuševca prema Mičevcu, osobito u vrijeme promjenjivih hidrodinamičkih uvjeta u vodonosnom sloju. U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja uzročno-posljedične veze između odlagališta otpada Jakuševec i zagađenja podzemne vode (vidi slike 1–5). Sastav organskih zagađivala na odlagalištu Jakuševec upućuje na to da je ondje uz komunalni otpad, odlagan i otpad industrijskog podrijetla, koji sadržava brojne antropogene spojeve koji mogu nepovoljno utjecati na kakvoću podzemne vode. Stoga je nužno stalno praćenje dominantnih antropogenih spojeva u deponiranom otpadu i procjednim vodama.Unmanaged landfills are the basic problem of environment protection on Croatia. Municipal waste and landfills such as Jakuševac incur exceptionally high costs for many towns. Their impact on the environment is highly unfavourable since they pollute water, soil and air and represent a constant threat to human health. The solution to the problem begins with remediation of unmanaged landfills. To launch a remediation programme it is necessary to adopt a new attitude to waste management. The establishment of an integral waste management system is a constituent part of all legal measures and regulations. Such a system ensures the reduction of waste and increased recycling, which provides material and energetic benefits. In today’s circumstances, the implementation of the system at the level of the City of Zagreb and Croatia as a whole results in multiple benefits from both the ecological and economic aspect. The paper gives a survey of the Jakuševac landfill, a complex diffuse source of contamination which causes problems in the sense of possible harmful effect on all environmental elements. Consequently, its remediation was highly expedient. The main reasons for landfill remediation were the protection of groundwater and air. The Jakuševac-Prudinec landfill used to be a disposal site for municipal, non-hazardous and industrial waste of the City of Zagreb and its surroundings. Uncontrolled disposal of waste in the area of the current landfill began in 1965. In 1995, the size of the landfill reached 80 ha. In this period, 4.5 million m3 of waste was disposed inadequately. By the year 2000, the volume of the disposed waste had reached 8 million m3. The transformation of the unmanaged waste disposal site into a managed sanitary landfill was completed at the end of 2003. In the period from 1965 to the beginning of the 1990s, almost one million m3 of soil (soil material) in the Jakuševac-Prudinec landfill was contaminated, and the quality of drinking groundwater was seriously threatened. This research discusses the impact of the landfill on groundwater and the gradual spread of pollution eastwards, as confirmed by the shifting of the boundary pollution line from Jakuševac towards Mičevac, especially during changeable hydrodynamic conditions in the aquifer layer. The paper presents the results of research into the cause and effect relationship between the Jakuševac landfill and groundwater pollution (see Figures 1–5). The composition of organic pollutants in the Jakuševac landfill indicates that this was a disposal site not only for municipal waste but also for waste of industrial origin which contains numerous anthropogenic compounds that might have an adverse effect on groundwater quality. Permanent monitoring of dominant anthropogenic compounds in the disposed waste and leachate is necessary
