The issue of fiscal federalism and the management of the country's resources has been a complex one among the federating multi-ethnic nations within the Nigerian federation. Several conceptual and theoretical analysis expounds the way economies can be managed in a bid to abridge developmental crisis. The crux of Nigeria’s problem lies in her federating arrangement started in 1954 till date which has culminated in poor fiscal arrangement, disparity in the sharing of resources among the local, state and federal government, minority domination, and agitation for resource control. Based on the above, this paper seeks to critically review the challenges of fiscal federalism and resource control in Nigeria. It argues that if the fundamental issue of resource control is not pragmatically addressed by the Nigeria state the problem could trigger another phase of insurgency in the Niger Delta, with grave implications for the nation’s economy. Keywords: Fiscal Federalism, Resource Control, Socio-Economic
