Epicardial Fat Tissue and Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Epikardijalno masno tkivo (EMT) ekstraabdominalno je visceralno masno tkivo smješteno između miokarda i visceralnog lista perikarda s kojima je embriološki, anatomski i funkcionalno povezano. Debljina epikardijalnoga masnog tkiva danas je prepoznata kao nezavisni rizični čimbenik koronarne bolesti srca (KBS), o čemu svjedoči sve veći broj kliničkih studija. Povećani volumen epikardijalnoga masnog tkiva povezan je s kroničnom upalom i povećanim lučenjem proupalnih citokina koji pogoduju i promoviraju proces aterogeneze. Standardiziranim postupkom ultrazvučnog mjerenja debljine epikardijalnoga masnog tkiva lateralnog zida desnog ventrikula može se s velikom sigurnošću predvidjeti postojanje KBS-a, a uz pomoć kompjutorizirane tomografije ili magnetske rezonancije predvidjeti i rizik od mogućega koronarnog događaja. Povezanost debljine i upale epikardijalnoga masnog tkiva s KBS-om nameće ideju o potencijalnim terapijskim intervencijama radi usporavanja procesa aterogeneze.Epicardial fat tissue is extraabdominal visceral fat tissue located between the myocardial muscle and the visceral pericard and connected to it embryonally and functionally. A large number of clinical studies support the claim that the epicardial adipose tissue thickness is an independent risk factor for coronary disease. The enlarged volume of the epicardial fat tissue is connected to chronical inflammation and strong production of anti inflammatory cytokines which entice the atherogenesis. Coronary disease can be predicted by standard measurement of the epicardial fat thickness of the right ventricle lateral wall. Thus it is possible to predict the risk of a coronary incident by conducting a CT or MR scan. The correlation between epicardial fat thickness and inflammation of the fat tissue suggests the possibility of potential therapeutical interventions with the aim to delay aterogenesis

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