This paper presents an overview of results from the 2 year REGIONAL project. The aims
of REGIONAL were to undertake research to enable landmarks to be an integral feature of
future vehicle navigation systems. Results from the project, including 5 empirical road-based
trials, are summarised. The main findings were: landmarks were widely used by drivers as
key navigation cues; the incorporation of good landmarks within navigation instructions
has the potential to considerably enhance vehicle navigation systems; although a wide
range of landmarks are potentially useful to a driver, only a limited set, which displayed key
characteristics, were consistently effective as navigation cues
