On energy harvesting from ambient vibration

Abstract

Future MEMS devices will harvest energy from their environment. One can envisage an autonomous condition monitoring vibration sensor being powered by that same vibration, and transmitting data over a wireless link; inaccesible or hostile environments are obvious areas of application. The base excitation of an elastically mounted magnetic seismic mass moving past a coil, considered previously by several authors, is analysed in detail. The amplitude of the seismic mass is limited in any practical device and this, together with the magnitude and frequency of the excitation define the maximum power that can be extracted from the environment. The overall damping coefficient (part of which is mechanical) is associated with the harvesting and dissipation of energy and also the transfer of energy from the vibrating base into the system