Climate change (CC) is one of the most challenging issues ever faced, as it affects every
system worldwide at any scale. Urban areas are not an exception. Extreme weather-related events
have seriously affected urban areas in recent years, and they have a significant impact on the welfare
of people. According to UN projections, by 2050 more than 68% of the world’s population could be
concentrated in urban areas. Additionally, daily life in urban areas is highly dependent on certain
critical services and products provided by critical infrastructures (CIs). Therefore, it is especially
relevant to understand how CC affects urban CIs in order to develop mechanisms to improve their
capacity to handle crises derived from CC. In this context, resilience-based strategies provide a holistic
approach, considering both predictable and unpredictable threats. This paper proposes a guide for
assessing and enhancing the resilience level of cities against CC, considering urban CIs as key agents
in improving the city’s capacity to face and recover from CC-related crises. The guide was developed
through a co-creation process in which two cities in the Basque Country (Spain) worked together
with CI providers and other relevant stakeholders in the resilience-building process. The resulting
guide is to be used by city stakeholders at a strategic level, providing them with: (1) a qualitative
assessment of the city’s current resilience level in the CC context; (2) better knowledge about urban
CI sectors, their interdependency relationships and the chain of impacts due to cascading effects in
the short, medium and in the long term and; (3) a set of policies that enhance city resilience