Prevalence and associated factors of HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients: a retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: TB/HIV co-infection is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. But the prevalence of co-infection was varies among countries. This study was designed to assess prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection and to determine its factors. Methods: A retrospective study was done among HIV-positive patients at Hiwot Fana hospital from December, 2014 to 2018. The study participants were selected by simple random sampling. Patients with incomplete chart reviews were excluded and demographic, clinical and laboratory information were analyzed using SPSS and STATA. Uni-vitiate and bivariate logistic regressions were applied. Results: Five hundred fourteen patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 187(37.4%) had TB. Bivariate logistic analysis showed that HIV patients with regards to marital status[AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.19- 2.89] , education status [AOR = 3.74; 95%CI = 2.47\u20135.66], weight less than 50kg [AOR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.35 \u2013 4.81], CD4 level < 200cells/mm3 [AOR = 4.57; 95%CI = 2.38\u2013 6.86] and patient who were at WHO clinical stage III [AOR = 7.8; 95%CI = 5.15 \u2013 8.55] were significantly associated with TB/HIV co-infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of TB among HIV patients was high and predicted by marital, education status, weight, CD4 cell count and WHO clinical stage III