SOIL-LANDSCAPE RELATIONSHIP AND ITS TEMPORAL VARIATION IN A FORESTRY EXPERIMENTAL STATION

Abstract

A caracteriza\ue7\ue3o de componentes da paisagem e de suas rela\ue7\uf5es na Esta\ue7\ue3o Experimental de Silvicultura de Santa Maria - RS e o monitoramento da varia\ue7\ue3o temporal solo/paisagem entre os anos de 1987 e 2009 (22 anos) foram realizados, por meio de levantamentos de campo e mapeamento digital da cobertura vegetal, relevo e solos. Cruzaram-se informa\ue7\uf5es do hist\uf3rico de uso e ocupa\ue7\ue3o do solo, de transec\ue7\uf5es realizadas em 2009, do modelo num\ue9rico do terreno, de mapas de cobertura vegetal para 1987 e 2009 e de solos. Derivou-se assim um car\ue1ter transit\uf3rio dos componentes da paisagem, entre o Rebordo do Planalto Sul-Riograndense e a Depress\ue3o Central do Rio Grande do Sul, com uma descaracteriza\ue7\ue3o das fitofisionomias naturais e exist\ueancia de conflitos de uso do solo, bem como a influ\ueancia do relevo e da g\ueanese dos solos sobre o desenvolvimento fitofision\uf4mico. Houve expans\ue3o, em 22 anos, dos cultivos de Eucalyptus e Pinus , e da floresta nativa sobre o campo antr\uf3pico, principalmente em \ue1reas com Argissolos Bruno-Acinzentados e Argissolos Vermelhos.The characterization of landscape components and their relationships for the Forestry Experimental Station of Santa Maria,Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, and the monitoring of soil-landscape temporal variation between the years 1987 and 2009 (22 years) were performed by means of field surveys and digital mapping vegetation, soil and topography. Crossed the historical information of use and occupation of transects conducted in 2009, the digital terrain model, maps of land cover for 1987 and 2009 and soil, thus deriving a transitory component landscape, between the plateau border Southern and Central Depression of Rio Grande do Sul state, with a distortion of the natural vegetation types and conflicts of land use, as well as the influence of topography and soil genesis on the vegetation development. There was expansion in 22 years of Eucalyptus and Pinus crops and the natural forest on the anthropic field, especially in areas with Argissolos Bruno-Acinzentados and Argissolos Vermelhos