ZONING AND IDENTIFICATION OF Fusarium spp. CAUSING ROOT ROT IN ERVA-MATE PLANTINGS ( Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) IN THE VALLEY REGION OF TAQUARI, RS

Abstract

Em 2004, foram constatados sintomas da doen\ue7a podrid\ue3o-de-ra\uedzes em ervais nos munic\uedpios da regi\ue3o alta do Vale do Taquari, RS. Com o aux\uedlio de t\ue9cnicos da EMATER, fez-se um levantamento dos munic\uedpios que possu\uedam ervais com sintomas. Em 10% dos ervais afetados, coletaram-se amostras de ra\uedzes que foram enviadas para an\ue1lise no Laborat\uf3rio de Fitopatologia pertencente ao Departamento de Defesa Sanit\ue1ria/CCR/UFSM. Foram isoladas e identificadas cinco diferentes esp\ue9cies do fungo Fusarium associadas \ue0 doen\ue7a: Fusarium oxysporum , Fusarium solani , Fusarium decemcellulare , Fusarium tabacinum e Fusarium tricinctum . Todas as esp\ue9cies se mostraram patog\ueanicas quando inoculadas em plantas de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.). No momento da coleta das amostras, levantaram-se informa\ue7\uf5es sobre o manejo do erval e discutiu-se a similaridade entre os sintomas apresentados na erva-mate e em culturas agron\uf4micas bem como hip\uf3teses sobre a origem do in\uf3culo de Fusarium spp. que proporcionou a contamina\ue7\ue3o dos ervais.In 2004, symptoms of root rot disease were observed in erva-mate plantings in high areas of Region Taquari Valley, RS. With the help of EMATER, the municipal districts presenting plantings with symptoms were surveyed. In 10% of the affected plantings, root samples were collected and sent for analysis at the Plant Disease Laboratory at the Department of Plant Protection/CCR/UFSM. Five different species of at fungus Fusarium associated with the disease were isolated and identified: Fusarium oxysporum , Fusarium solani , Fusarium decemcellulare , Fusarium tabacinum and Fusarium tricinctum . All species were pathogenic when inoculated in erva-mate plants (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.). At the moment of sampling, information about the management of the erva-mate plantings was obtained and the similarity between the symptoms presented in erva-mate and in agronomic crops discussed, as well as hypotheses on the origin of the inoculum of Fusarium spp. that infected the erva-mate plantings