Polvos de especias arom\ue1ticas para el control del gorgojo del maiz, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, en trigo almacenado

Abstract

The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, is considered one of the most important pests of stored grains. Plant powders from nine seasoning spices were tested in the laboratory to control S. zeamais at 0,5, 1, 2 and 4% (w/w). The variables evaluated were mortality and emergence (F1) of adult insects, grain weight loss and grain germination. The repellent and fumigant effects were evaluated at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4%; the experimental design was completely randomized, with four replicates, and the group of treatments was repeated three times. The highest mortality percentages were obtained with Piper nigrum L. at 1% (83.4%), 2% (97.6%) and 4% (100%). The lowest adult insect emergence was obtained with the same treatments more Capsicum annuum var. longum Sendtn., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume and Pimpinella anisum L. at 4% (w/w). No significant differences were recorded as regards grain weight loss and germination. All the plant powders tested had a repellent effect on Sitophilus zeamais and no fumigant effect was recorded.El gorgojo del ma\uedz Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky,es considerado una de las plagas mas importantes de productos almacenados. Se evaluaron, en laboratorio, polvos vegetales provenientes de nueve especias condimentarias para el control de S. zeamais en concentraciones de 0,5; 1; 2 y 4%. Las variables evaluadas fueron mortalidad y emergencia (F1) de adultos y p\ue9rdida de peso y germinaci\uf3n del grano. Tambi\ue9n se evalu\uf3 el efecto repelente y fumigante a las concentraciones de 0,5; 1 y 2%. El dise\uf1o experimental fue completamente al azar, los tratamientos tuvieron cuatro repeticiones y el grupo de tratamientos fue repetido tres veces. Las mayores mortalidades se obtuvieron con Piper nigrum L. a 1% (83,4%), 2% (97,6%) y 4% (100%). Las menores emergencias de insectos adultos se obtuvieron en los mismos tratamientos m\ue1s Capsicum annuum var. Longum Sendtn., Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blime y Pimpinella anisum L. al 4% (p/p). La p\ue9rdida de peso y germinaci\uf3n de granos no registraron diferencia significativa. Todos los polvos vegetales fueron repelentes para Sitophilus zeamais y ninguno tuvo efecto fumigante