The bitter white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is grown by small farmers in
southern Chile, mostly from Mapuches ethnic group, and exported to some
European and Arabic countries, where it is consumed as a snack. Both
markets pay higher prices for bigger grains, although the European
market is more demanding. The Boroa-INIA cultivar originated from a
single plant collected in the Araucan\ueda Region
(37\ub030'-39\ub030' S). This is a white lupin of indeterminate
growing habit, belonging to the landrace known as "Local". The bitter
lupins introduced in the nineties, called "alto-calibre" (high-caliber)
by Chilean farmers, are interesting for their grain size, but are more
susceptible to lupin anthracnose than the "Local" landrace and of lower
yield. The main attribute of the Boroa-INIA cv. is a good mean grain
weight, 636 mg grain-1 when sown at the appropriate time. This is 32%
greater than the control representing the "Local" landrace average. At
that mean grain weight, over 80% of Boroa-INIA grains reaches a caliber
of 13 mm or bigger. Sown at the right time Boroa-INIA has yielded 6.3 t
ha-1, and 4.8 t ha-1in late sowings. This variety is a contribution of
the Chilean Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) to the progress
of small farming. Small farmers usually do not invest in improved seed;
therefore bitter lupin is not attractive to private seed producers.
Consequently, bitter lupin breeding activities have been undertaken by
the public sector.El lupino blanco (Lupinus albus L.) amargo es cultivado en el sur de
Chile por peque\uf1os agricultores, en su mayor\ueda Mapuches, y se
exporta para consumo humano a pa\uedses europeos y \ue1rabes. Ambos
mercados ofrecen mejor precio por granos de mayor tama\uf1o, aunque
el europeo es m\ue1s exigente. La variedad Boroa-INIA proviene de una
planta individual colectada en la Regi\uf3n de La Araucan\ueda
(37\ub030'-39\ub030' S). Es un lupino blanco de h\ue1bito de
crecimiento indeterminado, perteneciente al tipo conocido como "Local".
Lupinos amargos llamados "alto-calibre", introducidos en los noventa,
son muy interesantes por su tama\uf1o, pero m\ue1s susceptibles a
la antracnosis y de menor rendimiento que el tipo "Local". La principal
caracter\uedstica de la variedad Boroa-INIA es su buen peso medio de
grano dentro del tipo \u201cLocal\u201d, que con \ue9poca de
siembra oportuna ha sido aproximadamente 636 mg grano-1, 32% superior
al testigo que representa el promedio de este tipo. Con el peso medio
mencionado, m\ue1s de 80% del grano alcanza un calibre de 13 mm o
superior. Sembrado en \ue9poca apropiada, Boroa-INIA ha rendido 6,3 t
ha-1, y en siembras tard\uedas 4,8 t ha-1. Esta variedad es un aporte
del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA) al progreso de la
agricultura familiar campesina. Los peque\uf1os agricultores
habitualmente no invierten en semilla mejorada y por tanto el rubro no
despierta el inter\ue9s de productores de semilla del sector privado.
En consecuencia, el mejoramiento del lupino amargo ha debido ser
abordado por el sector p\ufablic