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research
Punish and Voice: Punishment Enhances Cooperation when Combined with Norm-Signalling
Authors
Giulia Andrighetto
Jordi Brandts
+4 more
Rosaria Conte
Jordi Sabater-Mir
Héctor Solaz
Daniel Villatoro
Publication date
13 March 2015
Publisher
'Public Library of Science (PLoS)'
Doi
Cite
Abstract
Material punishment has been suggested to play a key role in sustaining human cooperation. Experimental findings, however, show that inflicting mere material costs does not always increase cooperation and may even have detrimental effects. Indeed, ethnographic evidence suggests that the most typical punishing strategies in human ecologies (e.g., gossip, derision, blame and criticism) naturally combine normative information with material punishment. Using laboratory experiments with humans, we show that the interaction of norm communication and material punishment leads to higher and more stable cooperation at a lower cost for the group than when used separately. In this work, we argue and provide experimental evidence that successful human cooperation is the outcome of the interaction between instrumental decision-making and the norm psychology humans are provided with. Norm psychology is a cognitive machinery to detect and reason upon norms that is characterized by a salience mechanism devoted to track how much a norm is prominent within a group. We test our hypothesis both in the laboratory and with an agent-based model. The agent-based model incorporates fundamental aspects of norm psychology absent from previous work. The combination of these methods allows us to provide an explanation for the proximate mechanisms behind the observed cooperative behaviour. The consistency between the two sources of data supports our hypothesis that cooperation is a product of norm psychology solicited by norm-signalling and coercive devices. © 2013 Andrighetto et al.The work presented in this paper has been performed in the frame of the following projects: 1. MacNorms(Intramurales de frontera CSIC – PIF08-007); 2. GLODERS (Grant: Gloders 315874; FP7/2007-2013); 3. The Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Grant: ECO2011-29847-C02-01); 4. The Generalitat de Catalunya (Grant: 2009 SGR 820 and Grant 2009SGR1434); and 5. The Antoni Serra Ramoneda Research Chair (UAB-CatalunyaCaixa)Peer Reviewe
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Last time updated on 25/05/2016