We investigated which determinants (socioeconomic, early life factors, body composition
changes, fitness changes and/or physical activity changes) best predicted longitudinal outcomes
in cardiometabolic risk profile (Z-score change) in adolescents with OW/OB who underwent a
13-month multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention. A total of 165 adolescents (13–16 y; 46% boys) from
the EVASYON study were included. Socioeconomic variables and early life factors were obtained
from the medical records. Body composition was assessed using anthropometry. Fitness and physical
activity were measured with field-based tests and questionnaires. Cardiometabolic risk factors (fasting
glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure and waist circumference) were derived from
standard methods in the hospital. Body weight changes, sex and mother’s education were selected in
the stepwise process as the most important determinants of changes in cardiometabolic risk profile
(R2 = 0.26, p = 0.002; R2 = 0.14, p = 0.013; and R2 = 0.14, p = 0.017, respectively). Both boys and girls
showed a lower cardiometabolic risk score with the reduction in body weight (r = 0.535, p = 0.009 and
r = 0.506, p = 0.005, respectively). There was no interaction between sex and body weight change
(p = 0.614). In conclusion, the simple measure of changes in body weight should be considered to
track changes in cardiometabolic risk profile in adolescents with OW/OB.Ministry of Health and Consumption via the Carlos III Institute of Health (FIS) PI051579AESAN (Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition) from the Spanish Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs PI05236