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Myostatin And Follistatin Polymorphisms Interact With Muscle Phenotypes And Ethnicity
Authors
Theodore J. Angelopoulos
Priscilla M. Clarkson
+3 more
Paul M. Gordon
Matthew A. Kostek
Niall M. Moyna
Publication date
1 May 2009
Publisher
'Information Bulletin on Variable Stars (IBVS)'
Abstract
Purpose: We examined associations among myostatin (MSTN) 2379 A \u3e G and 163 G \u3e A and follistatin (FST) -5003 A \u3e T and -833 G \u3e T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the muscle size and the strength response to resistance training (RT). Methods: Subjects (n = 645, age = 24.1 ± 0.2 yr, body mass index [BMI] = 24.2 ± 0.2 kg m -2) self-disclosed themselves as Caucasian (78.9%), African American (3.6%), Asian (8.4%), Hispanic (5.0%), or Other (4.2%). They were genotyped for MSTN 2379 A \u3e G (n = 645), MSTN 163 G \u3e A (n = 639), FST -5003 A \u3e T (n = 580), and FST -833 G \u3e T (n = 603). We assessed dynamic (one repetition maximum [1RM]) and isometric (maximum voluntary contraction [MVC]) muscle strength and size (cross-sectional area [CSA]) of the elbow flexors before and after 12 wk of unilateral upper-arm RT. Repeated-measures ANCOVA tested associations among genetic variants and muscle phenotypes with age and BMI as covariates. Results: Baseline MVC was greater among African Americans who were carriers of the MSTN G 2379 allele (AG/GG, n = 15) than the A2379A homozygotes (n = 8; 64.2 ± 6.8 vs 49.8 ± 8.7 kg). African Americans who were carriers of the FST T -5003 allele (n = 12) had greater baseline 1RM (11.9 ± 0.7 vs 8.8 ± 0.5 kg) and CSA (24.4 ± 1.3 vs 19.1 ± 1.2 cm 2) than African Americans with the A-5003A genotype (n = 14; P \u3c 0.05). No MSTN or FST genotype and muscle phenotype associations were found among the other ethnic groups (P \u3e 0.05). Conclusion: MSTN 2379 A \u3e G and FST -5003 A \u3e T were associated with baseline muscle strength and size among African Americans only. These ethnic-specific associations are hypothesis generating and should be confirmed in a larger sample of African Americans. Copyright © 2009 by The American College of Sports Medicine
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