A clinico-epidemiological study of facial dermatoses in women

Abstract

Background: The face is the most prominent part of the body. Facial blemishes and disorders directly reflect on patients' physical appearance, cosmesis, and self-image. They may contribute to dysmorphism and even lead to depressive illness in susceptible individuals, especially women. Therefore, it is essential for the early identification and management of facial skin disorders. Aims: To study the clinical pattern and epidemiological determinants of facial dermatoses among females above ten years. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural tertiary hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 among 500 female patients with Facial Dermatoses with their consent. Investigations, including the skin scrapings for potassium hydroxide mount, woods lamp examination, skin biopsy, and relevant investigations, wherever required, were done. Females above the age of 10 years with facial dermatoses were included with due consent/ assent. Patients with drug reactions and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were excluded. Results: Out of the total 500 cases enrolled, most were in the 4th (22%) and fifth (19%) decades. Patients with only one facial dermatosis were 321 (64.2%), whereas 179(35.8%) patients had more than one dermatoses. Among the facial dermatoses, pigmentary dermatoses were highest 355 (71%), with melasma predominating. The least common were immunobullous dermatoses 5 (1%). In the study, many facial dermatoses, especially melasma, were related to occupation and lifestyle with the patients giving a history of photo-aggravation, stress, and cosmetics use. Occupation-wise, agricultural workers were the major group of 196 (38%), followed by housewives with 154 (30%) out of 500. Conclusion: The subject is complex, as the term facial skin disorder includes a large heterogeneous group of disorders, but no precise classification exists. Opinions vary regarding the conditions to be included under facial dermatoses. This study is an effort to fill this gap in understanding facial dermatoses, which have a significant bearing on physical and mental well-being and the Dermatological Quality of life (DLQI) among the female clientele

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