Blazevich, Anthony J

Giakas, Giannis

Kay, Anthony D

Kokkotis, C

Mina, Minas A

Sideris, V

Tsatalas, Themistoklis

English

Introduction: Preconditioning the muscle by performing maximal or near maximal voluntary contractions using elastic band (EB) resistance in combination with free-weight resistance (FWR) can increase subsequent force production and performance. However, such improvements are often reported after limited or no warm-up (1) and the impact of different conditioning contractions at different loads requires further investigation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the acute effects of conditioning EB exercises (back squat and countermovement jump) following a comprehensive warm-up on subsequent countermovement jump (CMJ) height performance.Methods: Fifteen active men (age = 21.7 ± 1.1 y, height = 1.8 ± 0.1 m, mass = 77.6 ± 2.6 kg) volunteered for the study and completed four conditions (EB50%, EB85%, FWR50%, FWR85%) in a randomised order each separated by 48 h. During each trial, participants performed a comprehensive warm-up of 5 min cycling, 10 continuous unloaded squats, 5 continuous CMJs at ~70% of perceived maximum, followed by maximal jumps performed every 30 s until 3 jumps were within 3% of maximum jump height. Participants then performed 5 repetitions of either EB- or FWR-loaded CMJs at 50% 1-RM or 3 repetitions of either EB- or FWR-loaded back squat at 85% of 1-RM (35% of load generated from elastic resistance during EB). CMJs were then performed 30 s, 4 min, 8 min, and 12 min later. Results: No change in any variable was found after both FWR warm-up conditions (p &gt; 0.05). Significant increases (p &lt; 0.05) in CMJ height (4.6-8.0%) and peak power (3.1-5.1%) were observed in the EB50% condition at 30 s and 4 min; no changes were found at 8 min and 12 min. CMJ height (5.6-6.5%) and peak power (4.4-6.0%) were also significantly increased in the EB85% condition at 30 s, 4 min and 8 min; no changes were found at 12 min. Discussion: The lack effect of the free-weight conditioning contractions suggests that the comprehensive task-specific warm-up routine mitigated any further performance augmentation. However, the improved CMJ performance following the use of EB is indicative that specific alterations in force-time properties of warm-up exercises may further improve performance. The use of heavy squat lifts or loaded CMJs with elastic band resistance result in similar increases CMJ performance following a comprehensive warm-up, although the heavier loading resulted in a more prolonged improvement in performance indicative of an intensity-dependent effect.References1. Marshall et al. (2019). J Strength Cond Res. 33(6):1551-1556.<br/

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Performing maximal or near maximal voluntary contractions usingelastic bands (EB) in combination with free-weight resistance(FWR) can increase subsequent force production and performance.However, such improvements are often reported after limited or nowarm-up (1) and the impact of different conditioning contractionsat different loads requires further investigation. Therefore, the aimthis study was to examine the acute effects of conditioning EBexercises (back squat and loaded countermovement jump)following a comprehensive warm-up on subsequentcountermovement jump (CMJ) height performance.IntroductionThe influence of back squat and loaded countermovement jump exercises with and without elastic band resistance on subsequent jump performanceMina, MA.1, Blazevich, AJ.2, Tsatalas, T.3, Giakas, G.3, Kokkotis, C.4, Sideris, V.5, Karampina, E.3,   Kay, AD.61: UoD (Derby, UK), 2: ECU (Perth, WA), 3: UoT (Thessaly, Greece), 4: D.U.Th (Komotini, Greece), 5: Aspetar (Doha, Qatar), 6: UoN (Northampton, UK)MethodsNo change in any variable was found after either FWR warm-up condition (p > 0.05). Significant increases (p < 0.05) in CMJheight (4.6-8.0%) and peak power (3.1-5.1%) were observed inEB50% at 30 s and 4 min; no changes were found at 8 min and12 min. CMJ height (5.6-6.5%) and peak power (4.4-6.0%)were also significantly increased in EB85% at 30 s, 4 min and 8min; no changes were found at 12 min (Figure 1).Table 1. Study design timelineCMJ, countermovement jump; FWR, free-weight resistance; EB, elastic bandsContact: M.Mina@derby.ac.ukFifteen active men (age = 21.7 ± 1.1 y, height = 1.8 ± 0.1 m, mass =77.6 ± 2.6 kg) volunteered for the study and completed fourconditions (EB50%, EB85%, FWR50%, FWR85%) in a randomisedorder each separated by 48 h. During each trial (Table 1),participants performed a comprehensive warm-up of 5 min cycling,10 continuous unloaded squats, and 5 continuous CMJs at ~70% ofperceived maximum, followed by maximal jumps performed every30 s until 3 jumps were within 3% of maximum jump height.Participants then performed 5 repetitions of either EB- or FWR-loaded CMJs at 50% 1-RM or 3 repetitions of either EB- or FWR-loaded back squat at 85% of 1-RM (35% of load generated fromelastic resistance during EB). CMJs were then performed 30 s, 4min, 8 min, and 12 min later.Discussion & ConclusionThe lack change in any variable after the free-weight conditioningcontractions suggests the comprehensive task-specific warm-upmitigated further performance augmentation commonly reportedafter high-load conditioning activities (1). However, the improved CMJperformance following the use of EB at both intensities is indicativethat specific alterations in force-time characteristics of warm-upexercises may further improve performance. However, the heavier EBloading (85%) resulted in a more prolonged improvement inperformance, indicative of an intensity-dependent temporal effect.Methods cont.Figure 1. Change in CMJ height (%) following FWR or EB loaded CMJsat 50% or BS at 85% 1-RM. * Significant increases (p < 0.05) in CMJheight. BS, back squat; CMJ, Countermovement jump; FWR, free-weight resistance; EB, elastic bands1. Blazevich & Babault (2019). Front Physiol. 1;10:1359.ReferencesResults

The influence of back squat and countermovement jump exercises with and without elastic band resistance on subsequent jump performance

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The influence of back squat and countermovement jump exercises with and without elastic band resistance on subsequent jump performance

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