This study investigated effects of compressive load magnitude and cover and core materials on the force-deformation-time behavior of seat cushions commonly used in upholstered furniture. Results indicated that the Burger and Kelvin models could be used to describe the creep and recovery behavior of a furniture seat cushioning system composed of foam, spring, and cover materials, respectively. Statistical analyses of experimental data indicated that the magnitude of creep loads had significant effects on the viscoelastic constants in mathematical expressions derived from the Burger model for describing the force-deformation-time behavior of the cushions evaluated. Foam cushions with coil springs had significantly greater viscoelastic constants than those without. Changing cushion cover material from leather to fabric had no significant effect on the elastic constant of tested cushion materials, but increased theviscous constant and delayed elastic-deformation-related damping constants
