Theory of the Wiedemann Effect

Abstract

As regards the classical problem of the Wiedemann effect in polycrystalline ferromagnetics, any satisfactory theory has not yet been proposed, except Fromy\u27s theory for the case of thin-walled circular tube specimens. We derive, in a simple way, a general expression for the Wiedemann effect or the torsion angle per unit length, θ_γ, of a cylindrical layer of the radius γ in cylindrical rod of ferromagnetic substance, fixed at its one end and magnetized by a longitudinal magnetic field, H_l, parallel to, and by circular field, H_, arround, its rod axis, and show that, when the elastic energy is negligible as compared with the magnetic field energy as in normal ferromagnetics, the general expression is reduced to θ_γ= (2/γ){λ_l(H_γ) - λ_t(H_γ)}(H_lH_/H_γ^2) where H_γ= (H_l^2+H_^2)^ and λ_l(H_γ) and λ_t(H_γ) are the longitudinal and transverse magnetostrictions accompanied with H_γ. This expression may be written, for the surface of the rod of the radius a, as θ_α = (2/α){λ_l(H_α) - λ_t(H_α)}( H_lH_/H_α^2), which holds also for a thin-walled tube and is the expression derived already by Fromy. This expression is further reduced to θ_α = (3/α)・{λ_l(H_α)・( H_lH_/H_α^2) when the volume magnetostriction may be negligible as in normal ferromagnetics. It is shown that the above expressions can explain, qualitatively completely and also to a considerable extent quantitatively, all of the available experimental facts concerning the Wiedemann effect

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