In the current social background of frequent epidemics, shopping centers, as commercial buildings with a large number of people, it is very important to reduce the risk of environmental infection. This paper takes the Weilaishi Shopping Center in Handan as an example, summarizes the epidemic prevention status of five types of spatial nodes through field investigation, and analyzes the shortcomings of the existing emergency design of the Weilaishi Shopping Center. Based on the analysis results, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy from the spatial level, which provides a certain reference value for the research on the improvement of shopping center space environment emergency capability

Ma, Tianyu

Ren, Hongguo

English

Urban Transportation & Construction (E-Journal)

Urban Transportation & Construction- 18 -Research on Spatial Optimization of Shopping Center under theBackground of Epidemic Situation : A Case Study of WeilaishiShopping Center in HandanHongguo Ren, Tianyu Ma*Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China.Abstract: In the current social background of frequent epidemics, shopping centers, as commercial buildings with a largenumber of people, it is very important to reduce the risk of environmental infection. This paper takes the Weilaishi ShoppingCenter in Handan as an example, summarizes the epidemic prevention status of five types of spatial nodes through fieldinvestigation, and analyzes the shortcomings of the existing emergency design of the Weilaishi Shopping Center. Based onthe analysis results, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy from the spatial level, which provides a certainreference value for the research on the improvement of shopping center space environment emergency capability.Keywords: Epidemic Prevention and Control; Shopping Center; Spatial Optimization1. IntroductionIn the current era of normalization of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, the epidemic has had a far-reachingimpact on people's consumption habits and lifestyle, and catalyzed consumers' strong demands for health protection.Consumers put forward higher requirements for the design of physical space in shopping centers. During the epidemic,shopping centers in domestic cities at all levels responded positively to consumer demand through measures such as theeliminate virus maintenance of hardware facilities and the reservation of corresponding epidemic prevention space. Thesafety and health of the shopping environment will become the primary consideration for the future development of shoppingcenters. The characteristics of shopping centers with traditional closed design may change, and consumers' fear of densespace will be enlarged unprecedentedly. Shopping centers urgently need to make changes in the spatial layout and theorganization of the flow of people.2. Investigation2.1 Study AreaThe Weilaishi Shopping Center is located in the south of the main urban area of Handan City. As an urban lifeenjoyment center, it embraces 31 communities within 3 kilometers of the surrounding area, creating a fashion mecca for localresidents. Through the method of on-the-spot investigation, this study fully understands the spatial organization form andplane drawings of the Weilaishi Shopping Center, and focuses on observing and recording the epidemic prevention andemergency situation of the important space nodes.2.2 Result AnalysisIn this paper, the spatial emergency research of the Weilaishi Shopping Center is mainly analyzed from five types ofspatial nodes: foyer space, atrium space, rest space, corridor space and vertical traffic space. The results are as follows:(1) Foyer space: The Weilaishi Shopping Center has a total of four halls, of which the south foyer is the largest, butnearly half of the space in this area is occupied by shopping carts, resulting in a great reduction of consumers' activity space.This can easily cause congestion among consumers. Once there is an infected person, the probability of transmission of thedisease will rise rapidly. The area of the west foyer is smaller than that of the south foyer, but the number of consumersVolume 8 Issue 2·2022- 19 -passing through here is relatively small. The two foyer spaces on the north side exist as passageways, and consumers oftenwalk in a clear direction, which can basically maintain the epidemic prevention distance between pedestrians.(2) Atrium space: There are three rectangular atriums in the Weilaishi Shopping Center. From the perspective offunctional layout, the main atrium is used for publicity of daily activities, and the phenomenon of instantaneous crowdgathering often occurs in this area during the holidays. With the main atrium as the central axis, the two sub-atriums aresymmetrically distributed on both sides of the main atrium. Sometimes the two sub-atrium spaces are used as commoditydisplay areas, which greatly improves the utilization rate of atrium space to a certain extent. In addition, pedestriancongestion rarely occurs in the atrium space, and the environmental safety of the area is relatively high.(3) Rest space: There are several rest areas in the Weilaishi Shopping Center, which have two main characteristics indistribution: one is to arrange rest seats according to the pedestrian line, so that consumers can easily reach the rest space,avoiding the feeling of crowding and clutter, thus realizing the possibility of keeping a safe distance for pedestrians under theepidemic. The second is to create a characteristic landscape in the rest space, creating a comfortable and pleasant atmosphere,but also using plant configuration to reduce the spread of the virus to a certain extent.(4) Corridor space: The corridor space of the Weilaishi Shopping Center is very rich in form and layout, with multiplecorridors set up between different spaces in addition to the main passageway, and the internal moving lines are flexible andtransparent. In addition, a number of open nodes are interspersed in the corridor space, resulting in a natural transitionbetween the corridor space and other auxiliary areas. However, the functions of these open nodes are relatively simple, andthe functional settings combined with epidemic prevention are not taken into account.(5) Vertical traffic space: The vertical traffic inside the Weilaishi Shopping Center is mainly escalators and elevators,which are arranged near the three atriums. During the research, it is found that some staff regularly clean and disinfect theescalator handrails, which can effectively reduce the probability of virus transmission in these spaces to a certain extent.3. Spatial optimization strategy3.1 Foyer spaceThe foyer space is the intersection of the indoor and outdoor environment of the building, which not only has thetransitional function of dispersing pedestrians, but also represents the first impression of consumers on the shopping center[1].Under the requirements of epidemic prevention and control, health detection function has been added to the space, andconsumers need to show personal health codes, itinerary codes and measure body temperature in cooperation with epidemicprevention work after entering. As a result, the original scale and streamline organization of the space can no longer meet theneeds. In addition, considering that there are basically only two kinds of reverse pedestrian streamline in the foyer space, thefrequency of contact between pedestrians is higher, and the risk of virus transmission is also higher.3.2 Atrium SpaceAtrium space as the gathering area of shopping center, reducing the sense of space congestion during the epidemic willbe the focus of emergency design optimization. First of all, it is necessary to flexibly divide the atrium space from otherfunctional spaces in order to reduce the retention of pedestrians in some areas. Secondly, an electronic partition that canmonitor the body temperature of pedestrians can be set up in the connecting area between the atrium and the escalator, andthe atrium space can be divided into inner and outer areas. Among them, the inner area can meet a variety of consumeractivities, while the outer area is mainly used as a supplement to the traffic space to guide pedestrians up and down the stairsin an orderly manner. In addition, we can also consider setting eye-catching guide signs in the connection area to makeconsumers clear about the space attributes they are about to face and reduce the residence time in the connection area[2].Urban Transportation & Construction- 20 -3.3 Rest SpaceRest space as an important auxiliary space of the shopping center, its location and the form of seats will become animportant consideration for epidemic prevention and control. According to the research, the distribution location of rest spacecan be divided into two types: one is the mixed type which is arranged in combination with other functional spaces. Due tothe lack of spatial boundary sense, a large number of pedestrians crossing is easy to form a dangerous area of prevention andcontrol. The optimization of this kind of rest space should mainly start with the establishment of regional boundary sense,and use partition or green plants to flexibly divide the rest area without changing the main structure of the building. Thesecond is the independent type placed separately, this type of rest area can provide a more comfortable environment forconsumers in the region. The optimization of this kind of rest space should mainly start with adjusting the form of seatplacement, and realize the possibility of maintaining a safe epidemic prevention distance between people.3.4 Corridor SpaceThe corridor space is a road that connects various commercial stores on the same floor of the shopping center, carrying alarge flow of people all the time[3]. In this regard, we should start with balancing the flow of people in each region, adjust thescale of the corridor and the form of corner, and transform some over-stiff acute angle space into a moving line transitionsmooth obtuse angle space. As a result, the reaction time of pedestrian corner is increased, so that it is convenient forpedestrians to plan the route in advance, avoid the opposite pedestrians, reduce pedestrian conflicts and reduce the probabilityof contact.3.5 Vertical Traffic SpaceThe vertical traffic space of shopping centers is mostly arranged in combination with the atrium space. After fullyconsidering the needs of consumer behavior, it is found that most of the pedestrians who take the elevator are used to stay inthe traffic area, which can easily lead to the phenomenon of crowd detention in the traffic area. In view of this situation,buffer space can be set up in traffic areas with more people, such as the transfer platform area of escalators, so as to increasethe pedestrian movement space. At the same time, it can also be considered to configure a disinfection spray device combinedwith the buffer space to facilitate the work of eliminate virus in the event of an epidemic.4. ConclusionAt the stage of regular prevention and control of the epidemic, the research on improving the emergency responsecapacity of shopping centers conforms to the development background of the times. Emphasize the multiple relationshipsamong "business environment", "consumer" and "city", adapt to the changes of social environment, and provide reference forthe renewal and optimization of shopping centers. At the same time, it also provides new ideas for the healthy developmentand long-term vitality of the city in the future.References[1] Zhao, Y, Integration and Promotion Strategy of Public Space in Existing Commercial Buildings -- Taking COFCO•Xi'anDaYuecheng as an example. Master's Degree, Xian University of Science and Technology: Shanxi, China, 2019.[2] Chen, XJ, Research on space constituents and behavior of Wanda shopping mall's atrium -- A case study in BaoheWanda shopping mall in Hefei. Master's Degree, Hefei University of Technology: Anhui, China, 2015.[3] Li, Y, Research on the Space Design Pattern of Shopping Mallwill Environmental Behavior and Psychology Method.Master's Degree, South China University of Technology: Guangdong, China, 2014.

Research on Spatial Optimization of Shopping Center under the Background of Epidemic Situation : A Case Study of Weilaishi Shopping Center in Handan

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Research on Spatial Optimization of Shopping Center under the Background of Epidemic Situation : A Case Study of Weilaishi Shopping Center in Handan

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