Vata is described as a beholder of Yantra and Tantra. Yantra is whole body and Tantra is controlling of whole body organization. Vata has major role to play right from the time of conception to till one’s last breath. Vata also programs the fetal growth (Kruta Garbhakruthinam). So Vata along with many other components plays a major role in Garbha Angavayava Utpatti. The aggravation of Vata during pregnancy causes abnormalities in the fetus. By proper management of Vata during pregnancy results in healthy progeny, so there is a need to know the role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti

K. Sneha

Prathima

English

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)

                                                     REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 4 185  Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti Dr. K. Sneha, Dr. Prathima 1Second year Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Prasuti Tantra & Stri Roga, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. 2Associate Professor, Dept. of Prasuti Tantra & Stri Roga, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.               INTRODUCTION Shareera (body) is considered as confluence of Tridosha, Dhatu and Mala. Tridosha commands prime importance as they are primary and essential constitutional factors. Among them Vata has major role to play since it is indicative of continuity of span of life and among Agreya, Vata is best in giving life and consciousness. In our classical books the importance of Vata in the formation of Garbha is explained in particular. In order to get healthy progeny and to prevent health deformities of fetus the proper knowledge of role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti should be understood hence an attempt is being  made to understand the role of Vata in Garbha  Address for correspondence:  Dr. K. Sneha Second year Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Prasuti Tantra & Stri Roga, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. E-mail: sneha7sn@gmail.com  Submission Date: 18/07/2021 Accepted Date: 15/08/2021 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in  Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CC-by-NC-SA Utpatti. Vata is derived from root word “Va” meaning movement.[1] Synonyms of Vata are Mrutyu, Yama, Niyama, Prajapati, Aditi, Vishwakarma, Vishwaroopa, Sarvaga.[2] Panchabhoutikatva of Vata is Vayu and Akasha Mahabhoota.[3] Sthana of Vata are Pakwashaya, Kati, Sakthi, Shrotham, Sparshanam and Vishesha Sthana is Pakwashaya.[4] Gunas of Vata are Rooksha, Laghu, Sheeta, Khara, Sookshma, Chala.[5] Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana and Aapana are the types of Vata. Prana Vata maintains proper functions of Buddi, Indriya and Chitta and performs functions such as sneezing, belching, respiration and eating. Udana Vata function includes speech, enthusiasm, energy, strength, complexion and memory. Vyana Vata function includes all body movements such as rapid movements, flexion, extension, closure and opening of eye lids.  Samana Vata receives food into digestive tract, digests it, separates the essence from excrements and liberates them to their respective pathways.  Apana Vata is concerned with expulsion of Shukra,Aarthava, Shakruth, Mutra and Garbha.[6] Importance of Vata ▪ Every action / movement of body / body parts are under the influence of Vata.[7] A B S T R A C T  Vata is described as a beholder of Yantra and Tantra. Yantra is whole body and Tantra is controlling of whole body organization. Vata has major role to play right from the time of conception to till one’s last breath. Vata also programs the fetal growth (Kruta Garbhakruthinam). So Vata along with many other components plays a major role in Garbha Angavayava Utpatti. The aggravation of Vata during pregnancy causes abnormalities in the fetus. By proper management of Vata during pregnancy results in healthy progeny, so there is a need to know the role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti.  Key words: Garbha, Angavayava Utpatti, fetus.     Dr. K. Sneha et al. Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti ISSN: 2456-3110                                                      REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 4 186  ▪ Vata  is responsible for  maintenance of  Ayu, Bala and Shareera Dharana.[8] ▪ Pitta and Kapha move in the direction of Vata in our Body. So, if  Vata is balanced  Pitta and Kapha  are automatically balanced.[9] Paribhasha of Garbha The union of Shukra (sperm), Arthava (ovum) and Atma (soule) inside the Kukshi (uterus) is known as “Garbha”.[10] Shad Dhatu of Garbha (6 major components of fetus) are Pancha Maha Bhoota and Chetanadhisthana Bhoota (Atma).[11] Importance of Vata in fetal development Garbha Sthapana Kashyapa says the Vibhajana (splitting) and Dharana (retention) action is done by Vata. Development of Garbha The development of the fetus mainly depends upon the inflation done by Vayu and nourishment supplied by Rasa is the opinion of Sushrutha and Bhavamishra. Behind the umbilicus there is definitely the location of Jyothisthana (the place of light / fire). The Vayu by its blowing action excites/stimulates this fire, which in turn performs development of body.[12] Shape and features Vayu gives definite shape to the fetus in the opinion of Charaka.[12] According to Sushrutha the Vata associated with Agni splits the upward, downward and oblique running channels, resulting in development of fetus.[12] Stages of development of fetus from Kalala to Angavayava Utpatti according to Haritha[12] ▪ Beeja (sperm and ovum together) attains the shape of Kalala by the action of Agni situated in a Pachamahabhoota. ▪ Further the internally situated Kalala gets the shape of Budbuda by the action of outside Vayu. ▪ This Budbuda again becoming Kalala gets solidified in the shape of Pinda (solid) by the action of Panchabhutagni; by further metabolism of this mass becomes a heap of solid substance. ▪ Then Vyana vata forms the Panchatatvas, arms, legs, head and other body parts. The internally situated Vyana Vata reaching different parts gives this solid mass a shape of body. ▪ Udana Vata situated in neck and heart forms oral cavity and its aperture. ▪ Apana Vata situated downwards clarifies the Apana Dwara (anal orifice). ▪ Similarly, internally situated Vayu comes out of the body making different orifices they are nine external meatuses they are oral, both nasals, both eyes, both ears, anal and urinary system are formed.  Table 1: Components of fetus derived from Vayu[13] Components Charaka Astanga Sangraha Astanga Hrudaya Kashyapa Haritha Sparsha (sense of touch) + + + + + Sparshanendriya (organs of sense of touch) + + _ + _ Rauksya (roughness) + _ _ + _ Prerana (impulsion) + _ _ + _ Cheshta/Parispandana (activity of body) + + _ + _ Dhatu Vyuhana (formation of dhatu) + _ _ + _ Uchwasa (expiration) + + + _ + Dr. K. Sneha et al. Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti ISSN: 2456-3110                                                      REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 4 187  Beside these, inspiration, opening and closure of eye-lids, contraction and relaxation, movement, propulsion and retention by Charaka. Laghava (lightness) and Praswasa (inspiration) by Vagbhata. Prana and Apana by Kashyapa. Karna (ears), Sweda (sweat/perspiration), Chankramana (walking) and other characters of Vata by Haritha have also been enumerated. Formation of Srotas and Peshi[14] Vata combined with Ushma for the same purpose, creates the Srotas (pores, channels, passages) entering into the muscle tissue. The Vata and Pitta dividing the muscles into Peshi (individual muscles). Formation of Antra, Guda and Basti[14] Prasada of Asruk (blood) together with Shleshma, while undergoing cooking by Pitta is traversed by Vata by this Antrani (2 intestines), Guda (rectum and anal canal) and Basti (urinary bladder) get formed inside the abdomen, just like essence of gold gets formed by blowing air (on the molten gold). Formation of Ashaya[14] Residing for sometimes at certain places (in the fetal mass) Vayu makes for the formulation of Ashayas (hollow organs). Table 2: Formation of Garbha Varna[15] Complexion depends on both Dosha and Mahabhuta. Complexion Responsible Doshas and Mahabhutas Charaka and Vagbhata Sushruta Harita Gaura (fair) Teja  Jala Akasha Taja Jala Pitta Krushna (black) Teja Pruthvi Vayu Teja Pruthvi Vayu Rakta Syama (swarthy) all Mahabhuta in equal _ Vata, Kapha and Rakta Gaurasyama _ Teja  Jala Akasha _ Krsnasyama _ Teja Pruthvi Akasha _ Pingala (tawny) _ _ Pitta  Rakta Table 3: Netra varna (cause of color of eye)[16] According to Sushrutha and Vagbhata If Teja is followed by Color of eye / nature Rakta Red Pitta Yellow Kapha White Vata Pink, dry, abnormal shape and size During formation of eye if Teja is followed by Vata then the eyes would be dry, pink and abnormal in shape and size. Multiple pregnancy by Vata[17] Excessively increased Vayu situated in the uterus divides the Shukra Arthava into multiple separate pieces. The number of fetuses corresponds to the number of pieces. Improper function of Vata and its effect on Garbha[18] Vata undergoing aggravation during pregnancy due to non-fulfillment of longings of women during pregnancy, makes the fetus to born as Kubja (dwarf), Kuni (of distorted arms), Pangu (lame, distorted legs), Mooka (dumb) or Minmina. The fetus obtains abnormalities due to infidelity, inauspicious action done in previous life by the mother and father and aggravation of Vata during pregnancy.  Dr. K. Sneha et al. Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti ISSN: 2456-3110                                                      REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 4 188  Other conditions like Garbhavyapath and Moodagarbha and during Prasavakala variation in Prasuta Marutha effects Garbha Nishkramana Kriya. These are the effect of vitiated Vata. DISCUSSION  In Garbha Upanishad we will find a very minute and explicit description of each and every stage of embryonic development and that too in its initial stages. After Garbha Upanishad Acharya Harita has described these stages minutely. In all the descriptions there is a major role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti like action of splitting, action of retention, action of development, action of giving shape and features, formation of Srotas and Peshi, formation of Antra, Guda and Basti, formation of Ashaya, formation of Varna, formation of different parts by Vyana Vata, forming oral cavity by Udana Vata and formation of external meatuses, are the normal function of Vata in Prakruta Avasta. Due to any cause if Vata gets vitiated it results in unhealthy progeny. So in order to get a healthy progeny and to prevent congenital malformations Vata should be maintained in its normal state which is made possible by following proper Garbhini Paricharya. The knowledge of role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti helps in proper management of pregnant which results in getting healthy progeny.    CONCLUSION Vata is Amoorta but its functions are wide spread and remote through the body. By the knowledge of role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti the better prevention on congenital diseases and malformations can be done. The medical science is worried about the increasing rate of new born defects of new born which is becoming a challenge to healthy society. As we all know prevention is better than cure it is our responsibility to prevent congenital malformation and get healthy progeny by following ayurvedic principles which is possible by proper knowledge of Ayuvedic principles. Here, a small attempt is made to understand the role of Vata in Garbha Utpatti.  REFERENCES 1. KR Srikantha Murthy. Illustrated Sushruta Samhita. Choukambha Orientalia, Varanasi. edition 2012, volume 1, Sutrasthana, chapter 21, verse 5, pg-153, pg-239. 2. Agnivesha. Charaka Samhita revised by Charaka and Dridabala, with Ayueveda Deepika commentary by Chakeapani Dutta, English translation by R.K.Sharma and Bhagwan Dash. Varanasi: Choukambha Orientalia. edition 2013, volume 5, Sutrasthana, 12th chapter, verse 8, pg-239, pp-618. 3. Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hrudayam with commentaries of Aruna Dutta (Sarvanga sundara) and Hemadri (Ayurveda Rasayana). Varanasi: Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, chapter 9, verse 12, pg-168, pp-956. 4. Vagbhata. Astanga Hrdayam with commentaries of Aruna Dutta (Sarvanga sundara) and Hemadri (Ayurveda Rasayana). Varanasi: Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, chapter 12, verse no 5-6, pg-183, pp-956. 5. Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hrudayam with commentaries of Aruna Dutta (Sarvanga sundara) and Hemadri (Ayurveda Rasayana). Varanasi: Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, chapter 1, verse no 8-10, pg-12, pp-956. 6. T Sreekumar, Astanga Hrdaya, 4th ed. Mannuthy, Harisree Hospital Publications. 2013, pg-265. 7. Acharya YT. Charaka Samhitha of Agnivesha, Chikitsasthana; Vatavyadhi Chikitsa; Chapter 28, verse 6. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Krishnadas Academy. 2014; pg-616. 8. Acharya YT. Charaka Samhitha of Agnivesha, Sutrasthana; Kiyantashiraseeyam; Chapter 17, verse 118. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Krishnadas Academy. 2014; p118. 9. T Brahmananda. Sharangadhara Samhita, Purvakhanda, Kaladikakyanam, chapter 5, verse 25. Varanasi:  Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashan. 2017; pg-40. 10. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-105. 11. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-101. Dr. K. Sneha et al. Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti ISSN: 2456-3110                                                      REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 4 189  12. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-121. 13. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-116. 14. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-163. 15. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-167. 16. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-169. 17. Tewari P. Ayurveda Prastitantra Evam Striroga, 2nd ed. Varanasi, Choukambha Orientalia. 2014, pg-173. 18. Acharya YT. Sushrutha Samhitha of Sushrutha, Shareera sthana; Shukrashonita Shuddhi Shareeram; Chapter 2, Verse 41-42. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy. 2014; 349.      *******************************  How to cite this article: Dr. K. Sneha, Dr. Prathima. Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2021;4:185-189.  Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited.   

Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti

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Importance of Vata in Garbha Utpatti

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