Norbeck, Betty

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University of Minnesota, Morris (UMM): Digital Well

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science Volume 27 Number 1 Article 30 1959 Aquatic Fauna of Fish Lake, Cedar Creek Forest, Anoka County, Minnesota Betty Norbeck University of Minnesota Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/jmas  Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Norbeck, B. (1959). Aquatic Fauna of Fish Lake, Cedar Creek Forest, Anoka County, Minnesota. Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science, Vol. 27 No.1, 184-189. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/jmas/vol27/iss1/30 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science by an authorized editor of University of Minnesota Morris Digital Well. For more information, please contact skulann@morris.umn.edu. THE MINNESOTA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ZOOLOGY PURPOSE: AQUATIC FAUNA OF FISH LAKE, CEDAR CREEK FOREST ANOKA COUNTY, MINNESOTA BETTY NORBECK University of Minnesota, Minneapolis The purpose of this project was to survey the aquatic fauna, with the exception of arthropods and snails, from Fish Lake, Cedar Creek Forest Preserve, Anoka County, Minnesota. The value of such a survey to future investigators lies in the fact that this relatively un-disturbed lake is near Minneapolis ( thirty miles) and that it is part of the University of Minnesota biological station at Cedar Creek Forest. COLLECTION AND EXAMINATION OF MATERIALS; Five trips were made between June and September of 1958 and several dozen samples were collected. Samples of mud, sand, debris, plant washings, and pieces of fresh vegetation were taken from the north and south shores. On other occasions water was simply scooped up in bottles. On two occasions an effort was made to con-centrate samples by straining them through a fine screen. The materials were examined live under a dissecting and a com-pound microscope. Samples were examined at the time of collection and at various periods of time after collecting. Pennak (1953) was used extensively for identifications to genus. ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS: The lake is located in the Anoka sand plain and the land surround-ing the lake is very sandy. · The areas where collections were made represent two major types of conditions found along the shore. The first area, which was at the north end, had a muddy bottom which was covered by much decay-ing debris. The prevailing winds are towards that end of the lake, which accounts for much of the debris. There were algae, numerous cattails and lilypads, elodea, and dense floating debris. The water was cloudy and had a foul odor. The other area, which was at the south end, was characterized by a sandy, firm, and generally clear bottom. Plants were more sparse, although there were some bull-184 PROCEEDINGS, VOLUME TWENTY-SEVEN, 1959 rushes and a few other higher plants. Algae in a gelatinous matrix were common both floating and attached. The water was much clearer and had a yellowish color. CHECKLIST OF GENERA AND SPECIES: PROTOZOA: Class: Mastigophora Sub-class: Phytomastigina Order: Cryptomonadina Chilomonas app.-Numerous Order: Phytomonadina V olvox globator Linnaeus-Very abundant in spring Gonium pectorale Miiller-Common Order: Euglenoidina Euglena spp. Khawkinea sp. Phacus longicaudus (Ehrenberg) Trachelomonas spp. Several specimens strongly resembling T. baikovii Skvort-zow (1925) were observed. These specimens were also like T. speciosa Deflandre (1926). S. Eddy believes that both species are probably growth forms of T. caudata (Ehr.) Astasia sp. Peranema sp. Petalomonas sp. Menoidium sp. Scytomonas sp. Order: Dinoflagellata Gymnodinium spp. Class: Sarcodina Sub-class: Rhizopoda Order: Amoebina Dimt;1stigamoeba sp. Fairly common Amoeba spp. All the specimens observed were less than 100µ,. Order: Testacea Arcelia vulgaris Ehr. Arcelia dentata Ehr. There were many shells of both species but only a few live animals. Sub-class: Actinopoda Order: Heliozoa Actinophrys sol Ehr. Class: Cilia ta Order: Holotricha Coleps spp. Dileptus sp. Loxodes spp. Several species of Loxodes ranging from 100-7001,J. were observed. 185 THE MINNESOTA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Paramecium spp. Dichilium sp. Frequently found among dense concentrations of Chilomonas and bacteria. Order: Spirotricha Spirostomum spp. Stentor spp. Five or six species were observed. The brown stentors, S. Niger Ehr., are very numerous in the spring. Green forms of this species were also observed. These green forms were also noted by Ehrenberg (1938) but are not mentioned by most later commentators on stentors: Halteria grandinella (Muller) Common. They can easily be recognized as halteria by their typical jumpy motion. Kerona polyporum Ehr. Commensal on hydras Gastrostyla sp. Order: Peritricha Scyphidia sp. Epistylis sp. This form, which is typical of polluted water, was found in an old sample in which a snail had died. Vorticella spp. Very common. A wide variety of types. Rhabdostyla sp. Carchesium sp. Zoothamnium sp. Large colonies up to five mm. across were seen on plant stems. Vaginicola sp. PLATYHELMINTHES: Class: Turbellaria Order: Tricladida Curtisia foremani (Girrard) Order: Rhabdocoelida Stenostomum sp. Microstomum sp. Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehr. GASTROTRICHA: Order: Chaetonotidea Family: Chaetonotidae Chaetonotus spp. Family: Daydytidae 186 Dasydytes goniathrix Gosse. Many specimens strongly resem-bling D. goniathrix (Remane 1935) were observed in early summer. PROCEEDINGS, VOLUME TWENTY-SEVEN, 1959 ROTATOR/A: Classification according to Remane (1929-33) Class: Digononta Order: Bdelloidea The bdelloids in this lake seem to be less frequent than the ploimate rotifers and as many flosculariaceas and colleth-ecas were observed as bdelloids. Only one genus of bdel-loids was found. Rotatoria sp. Class: Monogononta Order: Flosculariacea Floscularia sp. Ptygura spp. Conochiloides sp. Testundinella sp. Order: Collotheca Collotheca spp. All the collothecas observed had five lobes. One specimen had a single long antenna. This un-colloth-ecan feature is called an abnormal dorsal antenna by Ed-mondson ( 1940) . Frequently the collothecas had eggs at-tached to their stalks. Order: Ploima Cephalodella sp. Harringia sp. Eudactylota eudactylota Remane. This species was observed both in a fresh sample and a very old one ( six weeks). Brachionus sp. Platyias patulus (Miiller). Very common in spring. It was often seen with developing eggs. Platyias quadricornis (Ehr.) Lepadella sp. Lecane spp. Monostyla spp. Common T ARDIGRADA: Order: Macrobiotoidea Hypsibius sp. About two dozen spec;imens were collected from a natural hole through the ice in mid April. Several exoskeletons filled with slightly sculptured eggs were seen. ANNELIDA: Class: Oligochaeta Order: Plesiopora Aeolosoma quarternarium Ehr. Aeolosoma heprichi Ehr. 187 THE MINNESOTA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Dero limnosa Leidy. The posterior end is an excellent means of identification. Sty/aria proboscidea (O.F.M.) Nais sp. Class: Hirudinea Order: Rhyncobdella Placobdella spp. Theromyzan occidentale (Verill) Order: Arhyncobdella Macrobdella decora (Say). Common. One specimen was eight ( 8) inches long. Several other species of leeches were observed but not iden-tified. ARTHROPODA: Class : Insecta Order: Hemiptera Ranatra sp. Abdeus sp. Common. Several males with eggs on their backs were observed in late July. Order: Coleoptera Dytiscid spp. Common. CONCLUSION: The microscopic fauna is very abundant and represents many types. Although the writer did not study the larger fauna extensively, it is quite obvious that it also is rich and varied. Much work still needs to be done to adequately characterize the fauna of this lake. Crus-tacea and snails, of which there are no shortages, have not been studied at all nor have any samples been collected from the middle of the lake. LITERATURE CITED: DEFLANDRE, G. 1926. Monographie du Genre Trachelomonas Ehr. Nemours Rev. Gen. Bot. 38, 39. EDDY, S. AND HODSON, A. C. 1950. Taxonomic keys to the common animals of the North Central States Minneapolis, Minn. Burgess Pub. Co. EDMONDSON, W. T. 1940. The sessile rotatoria of Wisconsin Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc. 59:433-459. EHRENBERG, C. G. 1838. Die Infusionsthierchen als volkommene Organismen, mit Atlas. Leipzig, L. Voss HYMAN, L. H. 1940 The Invertebrates Vol. 1 Protozaa-Ctenophora New York, McGraw & Hill Co. HYMAN, L. H. 1951 Ibid. vol. 3 Acanthocephala, Aschelminthes, and Entoprocta. 188 PROCEEDINGS, VOLUME TwENTY-SEVEN, 1959 KAHL, A. 1930-35. Urtiere oder Protozoa. I:Wimptertiere oder Cili-ata (Infusoria). In F. Dahl's Die Tierwelt Deuts6hlands vols. 18, 21, 25, 30: 1-886 Jena, G. Fischer. Kuoo, R. 1946. Protozoology. 3rd Ed. Springfield, Ill. C. C. Thomas. PENNAK, R. W. 1953. Fresh water invertebrates of the United States New York, Ronald Press. REMANE, A. 1929-33. Rotatorien. In H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs Band 4, Abt. 2, Buch 1, Lieferung 1-4: 1-576 Leipzig & Heidelberg, C. F. Winter, etc. REMANE, A. 1935-36. Ibid. Gastrotricha Band 4, (Abt. 2, Buch 1) Teil 2, Lief. 1-2: 1-242. SKVORTOW, B. W. 1925. Some new and little known species of trach-elomonas from north Manchuria, China ( Chicago 1928) (Reprinted from the Botanical Gazette vol. LXXXV, No. 1, March, 1928). VoN GRAFF, L. 1904-1908. Acoela and Rhabdocoela. In H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thierreichs Band 4, Vermes Abt. Ic:Abt. I. Leipzig & Heidelberg, C. F. Winter, etc. 189 

Aquatic Fauna of Fish Lake, Cedar Creek Forest, Anoka County, Minnesota

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Aquatic Fauna of Fish Lake, Cedar Creek Forest, Anoka County, Minnesota

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