No abstract available.http://www.plospathogens.orgdm2022Medical Virolog

Adisasmito, Wiku B.

Almuhairi, Salama

Becerra, Natalia Cediel

Behravesh, Casey Barton

Bilivogui, Pepe

Bukachi, Salome A.

Casas, Natalia

Charron, Dominique F.

Chaudhary, Abhishek

Ciacci Zanella, Janice R.

Cunningham, Andrew A.

Dar, Osman

Debnath, Nitish

Dungu, Baptiste

Farag, Elmoubasher

Gao, George F.

Hayman, David T.S.

Khaitsa, Margaret

Koopmans, Marion P.G.

Machalaba, Catherine

Mackenzie, John S.

Markotter, Wanda

Mettenleiter, Thomas C.

Morand, Serge

Smolenskiy, Vyacheslav

Zhou, Lei

UPSpace at the University of Pretoria

OPINIONOne Health: A new definition for a sustainableand healthy futureOne Health High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP), Wiku B. Adisasmito1, Salama Almuhairi2,Casey Barton Behravesh3, Pépé Bilivogui4, Salome A. Bukachi5, Natalia Casas6,Natalia Cediel Becerra7, Dominique F. Charron8, Abhishek Chaudhary9, Janice R. CiacciZanella10, Andrew A. Cunningham11, Osman Dar12,13, Nitish Debnath14,Baptiste Dungu15,16, Elmoubasher Farag17, George F. Gao18, David T. S. Hayman19,Margaret Khaitsa20, Marion P. G. Koopmans21, Catherine Machalaba22, JohnS. Mackenzie23,24, Wanda MarkotterID25*, Thomas C. MettenleiterID26*, Serge Morand27,Vyacheslav Smolenskiy28, Lei Zhou181 Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia, 2 National Emergency Crisis and DisastersManagement Authority, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 4 World Health Organization, Guinea Country Office, Conakry,Guinea, 5 Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya,6 National Ministry of Health, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, 7 School of AgriculturalSciences, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia, 8 International Development Research Centre,Ottawa, Canada, 9 Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur, India, 10 Brazilian Agricultural ResearchCorporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 11 Institute ofZoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom, 12 Global Operations Division, UnitedKingdom Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom, 13 AU : PleasenotethataffiliationGlobalHealthProgramme;ChathamHouse;RoyalInstituteofInternationalAffairs;London;UnitedKingdomhasbeengivenitsowndesignationðaffiliation13Þ:Pleasecheckandcorrectifnecessary:Global Health Programme, Chatham House,Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, United Kingdom, 14 Fleming Fund Country Grant toBangladesh, DAI Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 15 Afrivet B M, Pretoria, South Africa, 16 FacultyAU : PleasenotethataffiliationFacultyofVeterinaryScience;UniversityofKinshasa;Kinshasa;DemocraticRepublicCongohasbeengivenitsowndesignationðaffiliation16Þ:Pleasecheckandcorrectifnecessary:of VeterinaryScience, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic Congo, 17 Ministry of Public Health, HealthProtection & Communicable Diseases Division, Doha, Qatar, 18 Chinese Center for Disease Control andPrevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, 19 Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory,Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 20 Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi,United States of America, 21 Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, Rotterdam, the Netherlands,22 EcoHealth Alliance, New York, New York, United States of America, 23 Faculty of Health Sciences, CurtinUniversity, Perth, 24 School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland,Brisbane, Australia, 25 Centre for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of HealthSciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, 26 Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal ResearchInstitute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany, 27 MIVEGEC, CNRS-IRD-MontpellierUniversité, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand,28 Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being(Rospotrebnadzor), Moscow, Russian Federation* wanda.markotter@up.ac.za (WM); thomas.mettenleiter@fli.de (TCM)The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SAU : PleasenotethatSARS   CoV   2hasbeendefinedasSevereAcuteRespiratorySyndromeCoronavirus2inthesentenceTheSevereAcuteRespiratorySyndromeCoronavirus2ðSARS   CoV   2Þpandemiconce::::Pleasecheckandcorrectifnecessary:RS-CoV-2) pandemic once moredemonstrated the close connection between humans, animals, and the shared environment.Although still under investigation, the closest relatives of this virus exist in animals, and thefactors leading to spillover remain to be fully understood. This interconnectedness againhighlighted the need for a One Health approach. Although the One Health concept is not newand has been at the forefront of interdisciplinary and multisectoral discussions for years, thereis now an increased interest for this approach to be applied and translated into action. Follow-ing a proposal made by the French and German Ministers for Foreign Affairs at the November2020 Paris Peace Forum, 4 global partners, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), theWorld Organization for Animal Health (OIE), the United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP), and the World Health Organization (WHO), in May 2021 established the interdisci-plinary One Health High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) (https://www.who.int/groups/one-PLOS PATHOGENSPLOS Pathogens | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537 June 23, 2022 1 / 4a1111111111a1111111111a1111111111a1111111111a1111111111OPEN ACCESSCitation: One Health High-Level Expert Panel(OHHLEP), Adisasmito WB, Almuhairi S,Behravesh CB, Bilivogui P, Bukachi SA, et al.(2022) One Health: A new definition for asustainable and healthy future. PLoS Pathog 18(6):e1010537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537Editor: Jeffrey D. Dvorin, Boston Children’sHospital, UNITED STATESPublished: June 23, 2022Copyright: This is an open access article, free of allcopyright, and may be freely reproduced,distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, orotherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.The work is made available under the CreativeCommons CC0 public domain dedication.Funding: The authors received no specific fundingfor this work.Competing interests: The authors have declaredthat no competing interests exist.health-high-level-expert-panel) to enhance their cross-sectoral collaboration. The creation ofOHHLEP represents a recognition at the highest level of the urgency and complexities sur-rounding One Health and the intent to take this concept forward into policies and concreteactions.The concept of One Health has been associated with different interpretations in scope andpractice. There is no shortage of “One Health” definitions in the published literature andamong institutions and organizations. Therefore, an immediate priority for OHHLEP was todevelop consensus around a working definition as a solid basis to support a common under-standing among the panel members and the partner organizations. It is also relevant to a muchbroader global audience. Central to this definition is actual implementation, visualized in Fig1, taking One Health from theory to practice, as highlighted by the 4 Cs: Communication,Coordination, Collaboration, and Capacity building. In applying the One Health view, we alsohighlight that it is based on several fundamental principles (Box 1), including equity, inclusiv-ity, equal access, parity, socioecological equilibrium, stewardship, and transdisciplinarity. Theapplication and effectiveness of the definition are incomplete without the monitoring andFig 1. One Health toward a sustainable healthy future as developed by the OHHLEP. OHHLEP, One Health High-Level Expert Panel.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537.g001BAU : PleaseprovideacaptionforBox1:ox 1. One Health defini and key underlying principlesDefinitionOne Health is an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance andoptimize the health of people, animals, and ecosystems. It recognizes the health ofhumans, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the wider environment (including eco-systems) are closely linked and interdependent.The approach mobilizes multiple sectors, disciplines, and communities at varying levelsof society to work together to foster well-being and tackle threats to health and ecosys-tems, while addressing the collective need for healthy food, water, energy, and air, takingaction on climate change and contributing to sustainable development.PLOS PATHOGENSPLOS Pathogens | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537 June 23, 2022 2 / 4evaluation of these basic principles. The presented definition also reinforces the overall aims ofrelated concepts, particularly Eco-Health (by highlighting the ecocentric versus anthropocen-tric scope) and Planetary Health (explicitly acknowledging the relevance of environmental/ecosystem health).The newly formed operational OHHLEP definition aims to be comprehensive, to promotea clear understanding across sectors and areas of expertise, and to support the Partners andtheir Member States in framing their One Health strategies, programs, and implementationplans. This includes the forthcoming Joint Plan of Action for One Health (2022 to 2026), thekey strategic framework that will guide the cross-sectoral collaborative activities of FAO, OIE,UNEP, and WHO. The definition should be considered as an overarching set of guiding prin-ciples that can be further tailored to specific stakeholders. It is intended to assist in orientingthe general outline and considerations for a One Health approach and the opportunities forinnovation, cooperation, and collaboration among all relevant sectors and disciplines. Whilefood and water security, energy, and environmental/ecosystem health are wider topics withsector-specific and specialist concerns that may extend beyond the scope of One Healthapproaches, their interface is where multiple sectors have shared responsibility and relevancein protecting health and addressing health challenges. This One Health approach is not justfocused on zoonotic disease or antimicrobial resistance but can address the full spectrum fromprevention, health improvement, and health promotion to the detection, preparedness,response, and recovery from health crises. The approach is applicable at community, subna-tional, national, regional, and global levels. It relies on shared and effective governance, com-munication, collaboration, and coordination to understand co-benefits, risks, trade-offs, andopportunities for equitable and holistic solutions.Political commitment and leadership, including prioritization and allocation of resourcesthat are distributed in equitable ways, are essential for the successful implementation of theintegrated One Health vision. However, we need to recognize that there are substantial politi-cal, legal, ethical, financial, capacity, and societal barriers and complexities in developing andKey underlying principles including1. equity between sectors and disciplines;2. sociopolitical and multicultural parity (the doctrine that all people are equal anddeserve equal rights and opportunities) and inclusion and engagement of commu-nities and marginalized voices;3. socioecological equilibrium that seeks a harmonious balance between human–animal–environment interaction and acknowledging the importance of biodiver-sity, access to sufficient natural space and resources, and the intrinsic value of allliving things within the ecosystem;4. stewardship and the responsibility of humans to change behavior and adopt sus-tainable solutions that recognize the importance of animal welfare and the integ-rity of the whole ecosystem, thus securing the well-being of current and futuregenerations; and5. transdisciplinarity and multisectoral collaboration, which includes all relevantdisciplines, both modern and traditional forms of knowledge and a broad repre-sentative array of perspectives.PLOS PATHOGENSPLOS Pathogens | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537 June 23, 2022 3 / 4implementing a unified One Health approach. The commitment of political, sectoral, organi-zational, and individual societies to implement it successfully will address human, animal, andecosystem health, including other issues like biodiversity loss, clean air and energy, the impactof climate change, food and water security, and social inequalities. This approach has clearadvantages to improve health for all, embed social and environmental protection, and supportsustainable economic development and resilience.AcknowledgmentsWe express sincere thanks to Claudia Ciarlantini, Ki Jung Min, and Cristiana Giovanni fromthe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) for their efforts and collabora-tion in developing the One Health definition visual. We also thank Danny Sheath from theWorld Health Organization (WHO) for administrative assistance.DisclaimersThis publication was prepared by OHHLEP members who serve in their personal capacity.The opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect theview of the employer or affiliated institution or agency.PLOS PATHOGENSPLOS Pathogens | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010537 June 23, 2022 4 / 4

One Health : a new definition for a sustainable and healthy future

https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/2263/88174/1/Adisasmito_Health_2022.pdf

One Health : a new definition for a sustainable and healthy future

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

UPSpace at the University of Pretoria